Gene expression profiling of primate neocortex: molecular neuroanatomy of cortical areas
Gene expression profiling of primate neocortex: molecular neuroanatomy of cortical areas
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1601-183x.2006.00193.x
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Yamamori, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watakabe, A;Komatsu, Y;Yamamori, T
布罗德曼绘制哺乳动物新皮质图已经过去一百年了。仅基于形态学观察，他设想了不同物种的皮质区域结构的保护和分化。我们现在知道，新皮质的神经化学、连接和功能异质性伴随着在此类细胞结构研究中观察到的形态差异。然而，我们还远没有完全理解这种皮质异质性的生物学意义。在本文中，我们回顾了我们过去通过定量实时聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)、DNA 阵列、差异显示 PCR 和原位杂交分析对出生后灵长类皮质区域进行基因表达谱分析的工作。这些研究揭示了不同皮质区域基因表达的总体同质性，以及少数基因的存在，显示出明显的区域特异性表达模式。原位杂交表明，在这些基因中，occ1 和视黄醇结合蛋白 (RBP) mRNA 在神经元群体中选择性表达，这些神经元群体似乎参与不同的神经处理，例如感觉接收（对于 occ1）和联想功能（对于 RBP）。这种分子神经解剖学方法有望在大脑皮层的结构和功能之间提供重要的联系。
One hundred years have passed since Brodmann's mapping of the mammalian neocortex. Solely on the basis of morphological observations, he envisaged the conservation and differentiation of cortical areal structures across various species. We now know that neurochemical, connectional and functional heterogeneity of the neocortex accompanies the morphological divergence observed in such cytoarchitectonic studies. Nevertheless, we are yet far from fully understanding the biological significance of this cortical heterogeneity. In this article, we review our past works on the gene expression profiling of the postnatal primate cortical areas, by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA array, differential display PCR and in situ hybridization analyses. These studies revealed both the overall homogeneity of gene expression across different cortical areas and the presence of a small number of genes that show markedly area-specific expression patterns. In situ hybridization showed that, among such genes, occ1 and retinol-binding protein (RBP) mRNAs are selectively expressed in the neuronal populations that seem to be involved in distinct neural processing such as sensory reception (for occ1) and associative function (for RBP). Such a molecular neuroanatomical approach has the promise to provide an important link between structure and function of the cerebral cortex.