Managing Epistemic Risk in Forensic Science: Sociological Aspects and Issues
Managing Epistemic Risk in Forensic Science: Sociological Aspects and Issues
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管理法医科学中的认知风险：社会学方面和问题
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Lawless
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Lawless
在过去的几十年里，在刑事调查中使用科学证据的情况显著增加，这一发展引起了媒体、公众和政策制定者的广泛关注。然而，在法医科学的权威形象背后，是一个高度流动和不确定的景观，引起了社会学的兴趣。在接下来的内容中，我旨在说明为什么它对社会学具有吸引力，并根据社会学和法医科学界的持续发展和审议，概述一个更新的研究议程。这一新的议程围绕着风险这一主题展开。我概述了最近的发展，这些发展代表了法医学中认识风险问题的新方法。通过一个具体的例子（证据评估的“案例评估和解释”方法），我论证了研究法医调查中风险意识实践的重要性，以及这些实践如何有助于进一步揭示法医学如何被视为一种复杂的、异质的、高度社会化的人类活动，与流行报道中经常传播的不变的、技术复杂的形象形成鲜明对比。
The last decades have seen a notable increase in the use of scientific evidence in criminal investigation, a development which has captured the imagination of the media, publics and policymakers alike. Yet behind the authoritative image of forensic science lies a highly fluid and indeterminate landscape which invites sociological interest. In what follows, I aim to provide a sense of why it holds appeal to sociology, and to also outline a more updated research agenda in the light of continuing developments and deliberation within both sociological and forensic scientific circles. This renewed agenda revolves around the topic of risk. I outline recent developments which represent new approaches to the problem of epistemic risk in forensic science. With reference to a specific example (the ‘Case Assessment and Interpretation’ method of evidence assessment), I argue for the importance of studying risk-aware practices in forensic investigation, and how these help to reveal further how forensic science can be regarded as a complicated, heterogeneous and highly socialised human activity, in stark contrast to the immutable and technologically sophisticated image often promulgated in popular accounts.