Isolation and Characterization of Phenanthrene Degrading Bacteria from Diesel Fuel-Contaminated Antarctic Soils.
Isolation and Characterization of Phenanthrene Degrading Bacteria from Diesel Fuel-Contaminated Antarctic Soils.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01634
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Pérez-Donoso JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gran-Scheuch A;Fuentes E;Bravo DM;Jiménez JC;Pérez-Donoso JM
南极洲是人类探索和科学调查的一个有吸引力的目标，但人类活动对该大陆的负面影响是持久的，可能对当地生态系统产生严重后果。南极洲的许多地区都受到柴油燃料的污染，其中含有有害化合物，如重金属和多环芳烃。利用微生物的活性对多环芳烃进行生物修复是一种生态、经济、安全的污染治理方法。由于禁止将外来生物引入南极洲，因此发现可用于柴油生物修复的本地细菌是关键。通过跟踪多环芳烃菲的降解情况，从柴油污染的南极土壤样品中分离出53株多环芳烃代谢菌，其中3株具有较高的菲降解能力。特别地，Sphingobium xenophagum D43 FB分离物显示出最高的菲降解能力，产生高达95%的初始菲降解。D43 FB还可以在其常见的共污染物重金属镉的存在下降解菲，并显示出使用柴油燃料作为唯一碳源生长的能力。微量滴定板分析和扫描电镜分析表明，S。xenophagum D43 FB具有形成生物膜的能力，并且可以直接粘附到菲晶体上。基因组测序分析还揭示了D43FB基因组中存在多环芳烃降解和重金属抗性相关的几个基因。总之，这些结果表明，S。xenophagum D43 FB在柴油污染南极生态系统的生物修复中具有良好的应用前景。
Antarctica is an attractive target for human exploration and scientific investigation, however the negative effects of human activity on this continent are long lasting and can have serious consequences on the native ecosystem. Various areas of Antarctica have been contaminated with diesel fuel, which contains harmful compounds such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Bioremediation of PAHs by the activity of microorganisms is an ecological, economical, and safe decontamination approach. Since the introduction of foreign organisms into the Antarctica is prohibited, it is key to discover native bacteria that can be used for diesel bioremediation. By following the degradation of the PAH phenanthrene, we isolated 53 PAH metabolizing bacteria from diesel contaminated Antarctic soil samples, with three of these isolates exhibiting a high phenanthrene degrading capacity. In particular, the Sphingobium xenophagum D43FB isolate showed the highest phenanthrene degradation ability, generating up to 95% degradation of initial phenanthrene. D43FB can also degrade phenanthrene in the presence of its usual co-pollutant, the heavy metal cadmium, and showed the ability to grow using diesel-fuel as a sole carbon source. Microtiter plate assays and SEM analysis revealed that S. xenophagum D43FB exhibits the ability to form biofilms and can directly adhere to phenanthrene crystals. Genome sequencing analysis also revealed the presence of several genes involved in PAH degradation and heavy metal resistance in the D43FB genome. Altogether, these results demonstrate that S. xenophagum D43FB shows promising potential for its application in the bioremediation of diesel fuel contaminated-Antarctic ecosystems.