Cognitive Brain Signatures of Youth With Early Onset and Relatives With Schizophrenia: Evidence From fMRI Meta-analyses
Cognitive Brain Signatures of Youth With Early Onset and Relatives With Schizophrenia: Evidence From fMRI Meta-analyses
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbz130
复制
发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Ushakov, Vadim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arsalidou, Marie;Yaple, Zachary;Ushakov, Vadim
认知功能缺陷是精神分裂症的主要特征。许多功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究检查了成年精神分裂症患者的认知功能的大脑相关性，显示出前额叶皮层和颞叶皮层等关联区域的改变。功能磁共振成像研究也检查了早发性精神分裂症青少年和有这种疾病风险的青少年的认知功能的大脑表征，但结果往往不一致。我们使用定量荟萃分析对符合条件的fMRI研究数据进行汇编和分析，以揭示精神分裂症患者和早发性精神分裂症患者青少年亲属的一致大脑活动。结果显示，类似的功能枢纽的大脑活动（如楔前叶），但在相反的半球和集群在腹外侧，而不是背外侧前额叶皮质。其他影响改变的区域包括颞中回、小脑和小脑。我们讨论的结果中提到的前额叶皮层的长期成熟和可能的影响，由于两组的药物状态。
Deficits in cognitive function are a major characteristic of schizophrenia. Many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies examine brain correlates of cognitive function in adults with schizophrenia, showing altered implication of associative areas such as the prefrontal cortex and temporal cortex. fMRI studies also examine brain representation of cognitive function in adolescents with early onset schizophrenia and those at risk of the disorder, yet results are often inconsistent. We compile and analyze data from eligible fMRI studies using quantitative meta-analyses to reveal concordant brain activity associated with adolescent relatives of patients with schizophrenia and those with early onset schizophrenia. Results show similar functional hubs of brain activity (eg, precuneus) yet in opposite hemispheres and clusters in ventrolateral rather than dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. Other areas of altered implication include the middle temporal gyrus, insula, and cerebellum. We discuss the findings in reference to the protracted maturation of the prefrontal cortex and possible effects due to the medication status of the two groups.