The impact of resource tax reform on China's coal industry
The impact of resource tax reform on China's coal industry
复制标题
资源税改革对我国煤炭行业的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.eneco.2016.11.002
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Fan Jihong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu Huihui;Chen ZhanMing;Wang Jianliang;Fan Jihong
煤炭约占一次能源消费的三分之二，是中国能源政策的重点。为规范资源税制度，减轻煤炭企业负担，中国政府于2014年启动了煤炭资源税制度改革，从价制取代了实行了30年的从量制。为了评估税制改革的影响，本文以煤炭和燃煤发电行业为参与者，构建了两阶段动态博弈模型。分别考察了市场供给不足和供过于求的情况。利用经验数据估计模型参数，进行数值模拟。模型结果表明，无论市场是供不应求还是供过于求，如果每吨煤的税收维持在改革前的水平，税制改革将降低煤炭价格和煤炭行业的盈利能力。然而，买方权力的增加将放大税制改革的影响。数值模拟还提供了维持煤炭工业利润的从价税制度的税率估计。结合中国煤炭市场的供需情况，提出了指导中国资源税制度进一步改革的政策建议。
Contributing to approximately two-thirds of primary energy consumption, coal usage is the focus of China's energy policies. To regulate the resource taxation system and reduce the burden of coal enterprises, the Chinese government launched a reform of its resource tax system in 2014 for coal, introducing the ad valorem system to replace the volume-based system that had been in place for the preceding thirty years. To assess the impact of the tax reform, this paper constructs two-stage dynamic game models by taking the coal and coal-fired power industries as the players. The market situations of shortage and oversupply are investigated separately. Empirical data are collected to estimate the model parameters for numerical simulations. The model results suggest that the tax reform will reduce both coal prices and the coal industry profitability if the tax levied on each ton of coal is maintained at the same level as before the reform, regardless of whether the market is in a shortage or an oversupply situation. However, the increased buyer's power will amplify the effect of the tax reform. The numerical simulations also provide an estimation of the tax rate of the ad valorem system that maintains the profit of the coal industry. Considering the demand and supply situations in China's coal market, policy recommendations are provided to guide further reform of China's resource tax system.