Synthesis Scenarios for Resilient Shrimp Aquaculture in Tropical Coastal Areas
Synthesis Scenarios for Resilient Shrimp Aquaculture in Tropical Coastal Areas
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热带沿海地区弹性虾养殖的综合情景
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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通讯作者：
M. Verdegem
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Bush;P. Zwieten;L. Visser;H. Dijk;R. Bosma;W. F. Boer;M. Verdegem
我们认为，目前东南亚沿海地区对虾养殖的可持续发展存在两种竞争情景。首先是景观方法，将小规模生产者的耕作技术纳入潮间带地区，以维持红树林的生态功能和控制虾养殖疾病的方式。第二，采用封闭系统方法，在工业规模生产商控制的潮间带后面的封闭循环池塘中消除疾病和废水问题。我们将这些情景作为一系列尺度上生态、社会和政治动态之间可能相互作用的两端，这些相互作用构成了对红树林沿海生态系统恢复能力的威胁。我们讨论了弹性、不确定性、风险和规模组织启发式的分析概念如何帮助我们理解虾类生产的决策，并在此过程中，探索了它们在沿海生态、虾类健康管理和流行病学、生计和治理等实证研究领域的应用。我们的结论集中在一系列问题上，这些问题为沿海地区的可持续对虾养殖制定了新的跨学科研究议程。
We contend there are currently two competing scenarios for the sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in coastal areas of Southeast Asia. First, a landscape approach, where farming techniques for small-scale producers are integrated into intertidal areas in a way that the ecological functions of mangroves are maintained and shrimp farming diseases are controlled. Second, a closed system approach, where problems of disease and effluent are eliminated in closed recirculation ponds behind the intertidal zone controlled by industrial-scale producers. We use these scenarios as two ends of a spectrum of possible interactions at a range of scales between the ecological, social, and political dynamics that underlie the threat to the resilience of mangrove forested coastal ecosystems. We discuss how the analytical concepts of resilience, uncertainty, risk, and the organizing heuristic of scale can assist us to understand decision making over shrimp production, and in doing so, explore their use in the empirical research areas of coastal ecology, shrimp health management and epidemiology, livelihoods, and governance in response to the two scenarios. Our conclusion focuses on a series of questions that map out a new interdisciplinary research agenda for sustainable shrimp aquaculture in coastal areas.