Environmental behavior of paclobutrazol in soil and its toxicity on potato and taro plants
Environmental behavior of paclobutrazol in soil and its toxicity on potato and taro plants
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多效唑在土壤中的环境行为及其对马铃薯和芋头的毒性
DOI：
10.1007/s11356-019-05947-9
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Liu, Yan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Xiulan;Wang, Yanan;Liu, Yan
通过田间调查和室外盆栽试验，研究了多效唑在土壤中的环境行为及其毒性，并采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术检测了多效唑在土壤中的残留。田间调查发现，多效唑在前茬作物中的残留会严重抑制后茬作物的生长;随着多效唑残留量在土壤中的迁移转化，马铃薯茎杆变粗，残留量为1.23mg kg（-1），生长缓慢，残留量为1.34mg·kg ~（-1）的土壤中马铃薯株高与对照差异显著。多效唑在芋头种植土壤中的降解动力学符合一级降解动力学，但多效唑在芋头种植土壤中的半衰期为30.14-46.21 d，且在施用后120 d仍有残留。芋叶对多效唑污染胁迫较为敏感，芋叶厚度增加，叶面积减小，单位面积叶绿素含量呈明显增加趋势，SOD、CAT活性及MDA、脯氨酸含量显著增加。多效唑促进了芋头的分蘖，不同浓度的多效唑对芋头幼苗的矮化率分别为58.01%、63.27%和75.88%。说明芋对多效唑污染具有较强的胁迫响应能力。
The environmental behavior of paclobutrazol in soil and its toxicity were studied by field investigation and an outdoor pot experiment, and the residue of paclobutrazol was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Field investigation has found that the residual paclobutrazol in the former succession crop could severely inhibit the growth of succeeding crops of potato; with migration and transformation of residual paclobutrazol in the soil, the stems of potato were thickened with residual amount of 1.23 mg kg(-1), the growth was slow, and the height of potato in soil with residual amount of 1.34 mg kg(-1) and the control was significantly different. The degradation dynamics of paclobutrazol fits with the first-order degradation kinetics, although T-1/2 of paclobutrazol of the taro planting soil was 30.14-46.21 days and the residual paclobutrazol remained detectable even on day 120 after application. Taro leaves were sensitive to the stress of paclobutrazol pollution; the taro leaf thickness increased, the leaf area decreased, the chlorophyll content per area unit of taro leaf showed an obvious increased trend, and SOD and CAT activities and MDA and proline content increased significantly. Paclobutrazol promoted the tillering of taro, and the taro seedlings were dwarfed by 58.01, 63.27, and 75.88% at different concentrations. It indicated that taro had strong stress response ability under paclobutrazol pollution.