Does cortisol moderate the environmental association between peer victimization and depression symptoms? A genetically informed twin study
Does cortisol moderate the environmental association between peer victimization and depression symptoms? A genetically informed twin study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.06.014
复制
发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Boivin, Michel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brendgen, Mara;Ouellet-Morin, Isabelle;Boivin, Michel
许多受到同伴侵害的青少年都有抑郁症状。然而，并不是所有的欺凌受害者都表现出抑郁症状，个体的生物敏感性可能在这方面起着重要的调节作用。与这一观点一致的是，同伴受害与基础皮质醇分泌较高的青少年抑郁症状增加有关。然而，尚不清楚皮质醇的这种调节作用是否真的与同伴受害对抑郁症的环境影响有关。事实上，遗传因素也可以影响个人的环境经历，包括同伴受害，这些遗传因素中的一部分可能与抑郁症有关。本研究采用遗传知情设计，对159对同卵双胞胎和120对异卵双胞胎（52%为女孩）在14岁时进行评估，研究皮质醇分泌是否调节同伴受害与抑郁症状之间的环境或遗传关联。唤醒时唾液皮质醇在四个工作日内用口腔拭子获得。同伴受害和抑郁通过自我报告进行评估。Cholesky模型显示同伴受害通过遗传和环境途径与抑郁症状相关。此外，同伴受害和抑郁症状之间的环境关联随着早晨皮质醇水平的增加而稳步增加。同伴受害和抑郁症状之间的遗传关联也随着个体皮质醇分泌的变化而变化，尽管差异较小。这些发现支持了同伴伤害增加内化精神病理的假设，主要发生在对环境条件具有较高生物反应性的青少年中。
Many youths who are victimized by peers suffer from depression symptoms. However, not all bullying victims show depression symptoms and individuals' biological sensitivity may play an important moderating role in this regard. In line with this notion, peer victimization has been associated with increased depressive symptoms in youth with higher basal cortisol secretion. It is unclear, however, whether this moderating effect of cortisol really concerns the environmental effect of peer victimization on depression. Indeed, genetic factors can also influence individuals' environmental experiences, including peer victimization, and part of these genetic factors may be those associated with depression. Using a genetically informed design based on 159 monozygotic and 120 dizygotic twin pairs (52% girls) assessed at age 14 years, this study examined whether cortisol secretion moderates the environmental or the genetic association between peer victimization and depression symptoms. Salivary cortisol at awakening was obtained with buccal swabs during four school week days. Peer victimization and depression were assessed via self-reports. Cholesky modeling revealed that peer victimization was associated with depression symptoms via both genetic and environmental pathways. Moreover, the environmental association between peer victimization and depression symptoms steadily increased with increasing levels of morning cortisol. The genetic association between peer victimization and depression symptoms also varied, albeit less, as a function of individuals' cortisol secretion. These findings support the hypothesis that peer victimization increases internalizing psychopathology mainly in youth with heightened biological reactivity to environmental conditions.