On workdays, earlier sleep for morningness and later wakeup for eveningness are associated with better work productivity
On workdays, earlier sleep for morningness and later wakeup for eveningness are associated with better work productivity
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在工作日，早睡晚起与提高工作效率相关
DOI：
10.1016/j.sleep.2022.03.007
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Inoue Takeshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimura Akiyoshi;Yokoi Katsunori;Sugiura Ko;Higashi Shinji;Inoue Takeshi
时间型和社交时间表不一致会导致睡眠和健康受损。由于健康问题而导致的工作效率下降，其社会成本比旷工高得多，并与睡眠障碍有关。然而，人们对睡眠类型和出勤之间的联系知之甚少。在本研究中，研究了睡眠类型、睡眠时间表、出勤和睡眠障碍的中介作用之间的关系。方法对2017 - 2019年日本42家公司的8155名上班族进行横断面调查。参与者回答了关于出勤率（工作限制问卷[WLQ]）、睡眠障碍（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数[PSQI]）和习惯性睡眠时间表（用于计算空闲日睡眠中点，睡眠纠正（MSFsc））的自我管理问卷。采用结构方程模型（SEM）对其中介效应进行了检验。结果男性4462人，女性3677人，平均年龄36.7岁，平均生产力损失5.97%。晚睡（+0.29%/h）、早醒（+0.14%/h）和晚睡（+0.27%/h, MSFsc）与所有参与者的出勤率相关；然而，效应大小和显著性取决于他们的时间类型。扫描电镜显示了一个完整的睡眠类型与出勤之间的中介模型，该模型由睡眠障碍介导，并受年龄调节。结论人格类型通过睡眠障碍对出勤率无直接影响，但有间接影响。夜猫子会导致睡眠障碍，进而导致出勤。在工作日，早起的人早睡，晚起的人晚起可能会提高他们的工作效率。
IntroductionMisalignment of chronotype and social schedules result in sleep and health impairments. Presenteeism, the work productivity loss caused by health problems, has much more social costs than absenteeism and is associated with sleep disturbance. However, little is known about the link between chronotype and presenteeism. In this study, the associations between chronotype, sleep schedules, presenteeism, and the mediating role of sleep disturbance were examined.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 8155 office workers from 42 companies in Japan, from 2017 to 2019. The participants answered self-administered questionnaires asking about presenteeism (Work Limitations Questionnaire [WLQ]), sleep disturbance (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), and habitual sleep schedules which enable to calculate the midpoint of sleep on free days, sleep corrected (MSFsc). The mediating effect was examined by using structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsThe participants comprised 4462 males and 3677 females (mean age: 36.7 years), and their mean productivity loss was 5.97%. A later sleep onset (+0.29%/h), early wakeup (+0.14%/h), and eveningness (+0.27%/h, MSFsc) were associated with presenteeism in all participants; however, the effect size and significance differed depending on their chronotype. SEM demonstrated a complete mediation model between chronotype and presenteeism, mediated by sleep disturbance and adjusted by age.ConclusionsChronotype did not directly, but indirectly affected presenteeism through sleep disturbance. Eveningness leads to sleep disturbance, which then causes presenteeism. On workdays, early sleep times for morningness people, and late wakeup times for eveningness people may improve their work productivity.