Recent Advances towards the Clinical Application of Stem Cells for Retinal Regeneration.
Recent Advances towards the Clinical Application of Stem Cells for Retinal Regeneration.
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作者：
Becker S;Jayaram H;Limb GA
视网膜退行性疾病是世界上不可逆失明的主要原因。基于干细胞的疗法为这些因神经视网膜退化而面临失明风险或失明的患者带来了希望。目前正在研究各种来源的干细胞，从人类胚胎干细胞到成人衍生的诱导多能干细胞以及人类穆勒干细胞，最近开始了第一个研究人类胚胎干细胞衍生的视网膜色素上皮细胞的安全性和耐受性的临床试验。本综述旨在总结干细胞策略开发的最新进展，用于替代视网膜神经元及其支持细胞，即受视网膜退行性疾病影响的视网膜色素上皮（RPE）。将特别强调干细胞移植的进展以及将其转化为临床实践所面临的挑战。
Retinal degenerative diseases constitute a major cause of irreversible blindness in the world. Stem cell-based therapies offer hope for these patients at risk of or suffering from blindness due to the deterioration of the neural retina. Various sources of stem cells are currently being investigated, ranging from human embryonic stem cells to adult-derived induced pluripotent stem cells as well as human Müller stem cells, with the first clinical trials to investigate the safety and tolerability of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium cells having recently commenced. This review aims to summarize the latest advances in the development of stem cell strategies for the replacement of retinal neurons and their supportive cells, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) affected by retinal degenerative conditions. Particular emphasis will be given to the advances in stem cell transplantation and the challenges associated with their translation into clinical practice.