Single-walled carbon nanotubes induces oxidative stress in rat lung epithelial cells
Single-walled carbon nanotubes induces oxidative stress in rat lung epithelial cells
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DOI：
10.1166/jnn.2007.431
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ramesh, Govindarajan T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sharma, Chidananda S.;Sarkar, Shubhashish;Ramesh, Govindarajan T.
单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT）具有独特的性质，在微器件、电子学、生物系统特别是药物输送和基因治疗等方面有着广泛的应用。然而，纳米管的制造和广泛使用引起了对其安全使用和人类健康的关注。关于碳纳米管在实验动物和人类中的毒性研究很少，因此限制了其使用。使用体外和体内模型进行广泛的毒理学研究是必要的，并且需要建立安全的制造指南以及单壁碳纳米管的使用。这些研究还有助于化学家制备具有较小或无毒性的单壁碳纳米管衍生物。本研究进行，以确定在大鼠肺上皮细胞作为模型系统的单壁碳纳米管表现出的毒性。肺上皮细胞（LE细胞）在有或没有SWCNT的情况下培养，并且通过使用二氯荧光素（DCF）的荧光变化来测量产生的活性氧（ROS）。结果显示增加。ROS以剂量和时间依赖性方式暴露于SWCNT。谷胱甘肽含量的降低表明SWCNT处理的细胞中对ROS的保护机制的耗尽和丧失。线粒体功能抑制剂鱼藤酮的使用对ROS水平没有影响，表明线粒体不参与SWCNT诱导的ROS产生。对SWCNT对LE细胞中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD-1和SOD-2）水平的影响进行的研究表明，这些酶水平在24小时内下降。通过用1 mM谷胱甘肽、N-乙酰半胱氨酸和维生素C处理细胞，LE细胞上SWCNT诱导的ROS增加降低。这些结果进一步证明SWCNT诱导LE细胞中的氧化应激并显示抗氧化剂的损失。
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) show unique properties find applications in micro devices; electronics to biological systems specially drug delivery and gene therapy. However the manufacture and extensive use of nanotubes raises concern about its safe use and human health. Very few studies have been carried out on toxicity of carbon nanotubes in experimental animals and humans, thus resulted in limiting their use. The extensive toxicological studies using in vitro and in vivo models are necessary and are required to establish safe manufacturing guidelines and also the use of SWCNT These studies also help the chemists to prepare derivative of SWCNT with less or no toxicity. The present study was undertaken to determine the toxicity exhibited by SWCNT in rat lung epithelial cells as a model system. Lung epithelial cells (LE cells) were cultured with or without SWCNT and reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced were measured by change in fluorescence using dichloro fluorescein (DCF). The results show increased. ROS on exposure to SWCNT in a dose and time dependent manner. The decrease in glutathione content suggested the depletion and loss of protective mechanism against ROS in SWCNT treated cells. Use of rotenone, the inhibitor of mitochondrial function have no effect on ROS levels suggested that mitochondria is not involved in SWCNT induced ROS production. Studies carried out on the effect of SWCNT on superoxide dismutase (SOD-1 and SOD-2) levels in LE cells, indicates that these enzyme levels decreased by 24 hours. The increased ROS induced by SWCNT on LE cells decreased by treating the cells with 1 mM of glutathione, N-Acetyl Cysteine, and Vitamin C. These results further prove that SWCNT induces oxidative stress in LE cells and shows loss of antioxidants.