A Community of Clones: Snow Algae Are Diverse Communities of Spatially Structured Clones
A Community of Clones: Snow Algae Are Diverse Communities of Spatially Structured Clones
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DOI：
10.1086/686019
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Jumpponen, Ari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Shawn P.;Ungerer, Mark C.;Jumpponen, Ari
雪藻是世界性的，经常在晚季的积雪中繁殖。这些雪藻并不是孤立出现的;相反，可见的藻华由多物种群落组成。虽然这些常见的雪藻中有几种已经在分类学上得到了表征，但它们的种间和种内多样性仍然未知。此外，雪藻物种的地理和地理结构知之甚少。方法：藻类群落普查通过使用Illumina MiSeq测序可变的内部转录间隔区2基因座。我们进一步分析了两个最常见和最丰富的藻类操作分类单位（OTU）的地理单倍型多样性。初步结果表明，我们的数据显示，社区是多样的，分类广泛（目的：衣原体目[74%的OTU]，小球藻目[20%的OTU]，和小球藻目[6%的OTU]）。我们证明了两个最常见的物种（最佳核苷酸基本局部比对搜索工具匹配Coenochloris sp.和Chlamydium sp.）在局部和区域上具有不同的单倍型分布。每个采样的藻类菌落占主导地位的一个，只有一个单倍型，可以忽略不计的种内单倍型diversity.Conclusions.Our结果表明，雪藻的克隆社区内的一个离散的补丁，但在整个景观是异质的。因此，这些社区可能是通过强优先级效应，激烈的亲属竞争和分散的限制。
Premise of research.Snow algae are cosmopolitan and often colonize late-season snowpacks. These snow algae do not occur in isolation; rather, visible algal blooms consist of multispecies communities. Although several of these common snow algae have been characterized taxonomically, their inter- and intraspecific diversity remains unknown. Further, the phylogeographic and biogeographic structuring of snow algal species is poorly understood.Methodology.Algal communities were censused by sequencing the variable internal transcribed spacer 2 locus using Illumina MiSeq. We further analyzed two of the most common and abundant algal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for biogeographic haplotype diversity.Pivotal results.Our data show that the communities are diverse and taxonomically broad (orders: Chlamydomonadales [74% of OTUs], Microthamniales [20% OTUs], and Chlorellales [6% OTUs]). We demonstrate that the two most common species (best nucleotide basic local alignment search tool match to Coenochloris sp. and Chlamydomonas sp.) have distinct haplotype distributions locally and regionally. Each sampled algal colony was dominated by one and only one haplotype, with negligible intraspecific haplotype diversity.Conclusions.Our results suggest that snow algae are communities of clones within a discrete patch yet are heterogeneous across the landscape. Thus, these communities are likely structured via strong priority effects, intense kin competition, and dispersal limitations.