NEW METHOD DEVELOPED FOR STUDYING FLOW ON HILLSLOPES
NEW METHOD DEVELOPED FOR STUDYING FLOW ON HILLSLOPES
复制标题
研究山坡流量的新方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Peters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. McDonnell;J. Freer;R. Hooper;C. Kendall;D. Burns;K. Beven;J. Peters
山坡水文学家长期以来一直认为，水和溶质的下坡运动可以最好地描述表面地形，因为重力势在很大程度上主导了陡峭地形的水力梯度。因此，随着数字地形图（DTM）的可用性增加，表面地形正在推动许多流行的水文模型，并被用来估计水文和地球化学模型中的流动路径。这种方法在集水区尺度上可能足够，但在山坡尺度上，水流路径并不总是由表面地形决定的。
正是在这一临界尺度（100- 10 000平方米）下，可以测量土壤水和地下水沿坡向下流动时的水通量和化学成分。水和溶质之间复杂的相互作用沿着山坡地下水流路径还没有得到很好的记录。新证据表明，对于土壤较薄的陡坡，控制山坡流路的根本是基岩面。
Hillslope hydrologists have long assumed that the downslope movement of water and solutes can best be described by surface topography since gravitational potential largely dominates hydraulic gradients in steep terrain. Hence with the increased availability of Digital Terrain Maps (DTMs), surface topography is driving many popular hydrological models and is being used to estimate flow pathways in hydrological and geochemical models. This method may suffice at the catchment scale, but at the hillslope scale, flow pathways are not always determined by surface topography.
It is at this critical scale (100–10,000 m2) that water flux and the chemical composition of soil water and groundwater can be measured as they move downslope. The complex interactions between water and solutes along hillslope subsurface flow paths have not been well documented. New evidence suggests that for steep hillslopes with thin soils, the fundamental control on hillslope flow paths is the bedrock surface.