High-flavonoid intake induces cognitive improvements linked to changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor: Two randomised, controlled trials.
High-flavonoid intake induces cognitive improvements linked to changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor: Two randomised, controlled trials.
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DOI：
10.3233/nha-1615
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发表时间：
2016-10-27
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Spencer JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neshatdoust S;Saunders C;Castle SM;Vauzour D;Williams C;Butler L;Lovegrove JA;Spencer JP
背景：最近的临床研究表明，膳食黄酮摄入量对人类认知能力的有益影响。虽然目前尚不清楚介导这种改善的机制，但动物和人体试验数据表明，可能涉及神经营养因子表达和相关信号装置的变化。目的：研究血清脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）变化与类黄酮摄入后人类认知能力变化之间的联系。方法：在两项不同的随机对照临床试验中，研究了血清BDNF水平与基线时和类黄酮摄入后的年龄，性别，BMI，腰围，血压和认知之间的关系。试验1在男性和女性（年龄26-70岁;每天平均食用3份水果和蔬菜）中进行，并提供高类黄酮（>15 mg/100 g）或低类黄酮（<5 mg/100 g）水果和蔬菜，每6周增加2份摄入量。 对照组在相同的时间范围内习惯性饮食。试验2在老年男性和女性队列（62-75岁）中进行，干预高黄烷醇可可饮料（总黄烷醇494毫克）和低黄烷醇可可饮料（总黄烷醇23毫克）12周。 结果：血清BDNF水平线性上升至65岁，之后BDNF水平被发现显着下降。所有其他的生理和人体测量结果被证明与血清BDNF水平没有显著相关性（p> 0.05），尽管与女性相比，男性中更高的水平几乎达到了显著性（p = 0.056）。 在基线时，相对于血清水平较低的个体，血清BDNF水平较高与总体认知评分显著改善相关。此外，在18周的干预后，高类黄酮而非低类黄酮的水果和蔬菜摄入引起认知能力的显著改善和血清BDNF水平的增加（p =<0.001）。 黄烷醇干预12周也导致血清BDNF显著增加（p =<0.001），这种增加与整体认知能力的改善相关。 结论：高类黄酮水果和蔬菜，可可黄烷醇引起的全球认知增加，同时血清BDNF水平的变化，表明BDNF在类黄酮诱导的认知改善中的作用。此外，我们提供了进一步的数据表明，血清BDNF水平可能代表认知功能的生物标志物。
BACKGROUND: Recent clinical studies have indicated the beneficial impact of dietary flavonoid intake on human cognitive performance. Although the mechanisms that mediate such improvements are currently unclear, animal and human trial data suggest that changes in neurotrophin expression, and related signalling apparatus, may be involved. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the link between changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and changes in human cognitive performance following flavonoid intake. METHODS: The relationship between serum levels of BDNF and age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure and cognition at baseline, and following flavonoid intake, was investigated in two distinct randomised, controlled clinical trials. Trial 1 was conducted in men and women (aged 26–70 y; consuming an average of 3 portions of fruit and vegetables per day) and delivered high-flavonoid (>15 mg/100 g) or low-flavonoid (<5 mg/100 g) fruit and vegetables and increased intake by 2 portions every 6 weeks. The control arm was habitual diet over the same time frame. Trial 2 was conducted in an older males and female cohort (aged 62–75 y) intervening with a high-flavanol cocoa drink (494 mg total flavanols) and a low-flavanol cocoa drink (23 mg total flavanols) for 12 weeks. RESULTS: Serum BDNF levels increased linearly to the age of 65, after which BDNF levels were found to decrease markedly. All other physiological and anthropometric measurements proved to not be significantly associated with serum BDNF levels (p > 0.05), although higher levels in males compared to females almost achieved significance (p = 0.056). At baseline, higher serum BDNF levels were associated with significantly better global cognition scores, relative to individuals with lower serum levels. In addition, following intervention for 18 weeks, high-flavonoid, but not low-flavonoid, fruit and vegetable intake induced significant improvements in cognitive performance and increases in serum BDNF levels (p = <0.001). Flavanol intervention for 12 weeks also resulted in significant increases in serum BDNF (p = <0.001), and such increases were correlated with improvements in global cognitive performance. CONCLUSION: Increases in global cognition induced by high flavonoid fruit and vegetables, and cocoa flavanols were paralleled by concurrent changes in serum BDNF levels, suggesting a role for BDNF in flavonoid-induced cognitive improvements. Furthermore, we provide further data suggesting that serum BDNF levels may represent a biomarker of cognitive function.