Bayan Obo Controversy: Carbonatites versus Iron Oxide‐Cu‐Au‐(REE‐U)
Bayan Obo Controversy: Carbonatites versus Iron Oxide‐Cu‐Au‐(REE‐U)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1751-3928.2008.00069.x
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发表时间：
2008-12
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Chengyu Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chengyu Wu
白云鄂博铁稀土铌矿床是世界上最大的稀土元素（REE）资源，多年来其成因一直备受争议。最流行的是碳酸岩相关和热液 Fe 氧化物-Cu-Au-(REE-U) 成因模型。地质环境、岩性、矿物组合、金属组合、地球化学（特别是稀土元素和轻稀土元素/重稀土元素比率）、流体化学和同位素的比较表明，白云鄂博矿床具有两种类型的特征，但分类不同；也就是说，碳酸岩模型是基于母岩的，而Fe氧化物-Cu-Au-(REE-U)模型本质上是基于矿物组合和金属伴生的。初步提出了一个推测性分类方案来连接这两个模型，但仍有许多问题有待进一步研究。
The Bayan Obo Fe‐REE‐Nb deposit is the world’s largest rare earth element (REE) resource and its genesis has been the subject of much debate for many years. The most popular are the carbonatite‐related and hydrothermal Fe oxide‐Cu‐Au‐(REE‐U) genetic models. Comparisons of geologic setting, lithology, mineral assemblages, metal associations, geochemistry (particularly REE and light REE/heavy REE ratios), fluid chemistry and isotopics indicate that the Bayan Obo deposit shares features of both types, which are classified differently; that is, the carbonatites model is host‐rock based, while the Fe oxide‐Cu‐Au‐(REE‐U) model is essentially mineral assemblage and metal association based. A speculative classification scheme is tentatively put forward to link the two models, but many questions remain for further studies.