Rift-related linked depositional systems and their seismic expression
Rift-related linked depositional systems and their seismic expression
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DOI：
10.1144/gsl.sp.1993.071.01.03
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Prosser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Prosser
摘要活动断裂盆地沉积体系的空间分布和时间演化受构造运动的影响很大。断层运动和盆地发育阶段控制着侵蚀的可能性和沉积物通量的速率。可以识别出裂谷演化的不同阶段，每一阶段都具有特征性的相关沉积体系和地震反射剖面的独特表现。一个四倍的划分与裂谷的起源，裂谷高潮，裂谷后立即和裂谷后晚期盆地演化阶段的特点，提出了大多数盆地充填地层。与这些阶段中的每一个相关联的三维相关联的沉积体系（体系域）将根据气候、烃源岩组成、相对于海平面的位置以及海平面的波动而变化;然而，如果以适当的方式进行分析，仍然可以分离出一个主要的构造特征。这种新的方法描述裂谷盆地地层在终端半地堑型盆地的应用程序的一般适用性证明了使用案例研究和出版的例子。在构造活动环境中采用新的术语是有道理的，因为没有任何其他技术能够充分强调构造和沉积之间的根本联系。
Abstract The spatial distribution and temporal evolution of depositional systems in active-fault bounded basins are considered to be significantly influenced by tectonics. Fault movement and stage of basin development control the potential for erosion and the rate of sediment flux. Distinct stages of rift evolution can be recognized, each with characteristic linked depositional systems and distinctive expressions on seismic reflection profiles. A four-fold division relating to rift initiation, rift climax, immediate post-rift and late post-rift stages of basin evolution is proposed to characterize most basin infill stratigraphies. The three-dimensional linked depositional systems (systems tracts) associated with each of these stages will vary according to climate, source rock composition, position relative to sea-level, and eustatic fluctuations; however, a dominant tectonic signature can still be isolated if analysis is undertaken in an appropriate fashion. The general suitability of the application of this new method of describing rift basin stratigraphies in terminal half-graben type basins is demonstrated using case studies and published examples. The introduction of new terminology for use in tectonically active settings is justified on the basis that no other technique sufficiently emphasizes the fundamental link between tectonics and sedimentation.