A brighter side to memory illusions: False memories prime children's and adults' insight-based problem solving
A brighter side to memory illusions: False memories prime children's and adults' insight-based problem solving
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.012
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Knott, Lauren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Howe, Mark L.;Garner, Sarah R.;Knott, Lauren
错误记忆会对人类认知产生积极影响吗？在两个实验中，我们研究了错误记忆是否可以启动顿悟问题解决任务。儿童和成人被要求解决复合远程联想任务（CRAT）的问题，其中一半已启动的介绍Deese/Roediger-McDermott（DRM）的关键诱惑也是解决问题的方案。在实验1中，结果表明，无论年龄，当关键的诱惑被错误地召回，CRAT问题解决更频繁，显着更快的问题，没有引发的DRM列表。当关键的诱饵没有被错误地召回，CRAT问题的解决率和时间没有什么不同，当没有DRM启动。在实验2中，没有干预回忆测试，儿童和成人仍然表现出较高的解决率和更快的解决时间，CRAT问题的启动比那些没有启动。这后一个结果表明，启动发生的结果，错误的记忆产生的编码，而不是在检索在回忆测试。总之，这些发现表明，当错误记忆在编码时产生时，它们可以为儿童和成人基于洞察力的问题提供解决方案。(C)2010年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Can false memories have a positive consequence on human cognition? In two experiments, we investigated whether false memories could prime insight problem-solving tasks. Children and adults were asked to solve compound remote associate task (CRAT) problems, half of which had been primed by the presentation of Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) lists whose critical lures were also the solutions to the problems. In Experiment 1, the results showed that regardless of age, when the critical lure was falsely recalled, CRAT problems were solved more often and significantly faster than problems that were not primed by a DRM list. When the critical lure was not falsely recalled, CRAT problem solution rates and times were no different from when there was no DRM priming. In Experiment 2, without an intervening recall test, children and adults still exhibited higher solution rates and faster solution times to CRAT problems that were primed than to those that were not primed. This latter result shows that priming occurred as a result of false memory generation at encoding and not at retrieval during the recall test. Together, these findings demonstrate that when false memories are generated at encoding, they can prime solutions to insight-based problems in both children and adults. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.