Protein components of water extracts from fruiting bodies of the reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum contribute to the production of functional molecules
Protein components of water extracts from fruiting bodies of the reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum contribute to the production of functional molecules
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/jsfa.9211
复制
发表时间：
2019-01-30
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Samejima, Masahiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumakura, Kei;Hori, Chiaki;Samejima, Masahiro
背景蘑菇提取物具有抗高血压、抗肿瘤等作用，被广泛认为是保健食品。经过全面的文献调查，我们假设蘑菇提取物中的酶在合成功能分子中起重要作用。因此，本研究以东方医药用灵芝（Ganoderma lucidum）为材料，采用蛋白质组学方法对灵芝中提取的蛋白质进行鉴定，并探讨提高其血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）抑制活性的提取方法。结果鉴定出多种糖苷水解酶，如β-N-乙酰氨基己糖苷酶（GH家族20）、α-1，2-甘露糖苷酶（GH家族47）、内切β-1，3-葡聚糖酶（GH家族128）和β-1，3-葡聚糖酶（GH 152），它们可降解子实体中的聚糖。残余的葡聚糖酶活性产生β-寡糖。此外，肽酶G1家族的谷氨酸蛋白酶被确定为提取物中的主要蛋白质，并且发现提取物的残余肽酶活性提高ACE抑制活性。最后，观察到在50 ℃下提取适合于产生具有高ACE抑制活性的功能分子。结论一般认为水提液只能提取香菇子实体中的功能性大分子物质。这项研究提出了一个新的概念，描述了功能分子是如何产生的酶，包括蛋白酶和生长激素，在提取过程中。(c)2018年化学工业协会
BACKGROUND Mushrooms have been widely considered as health foods as their extracts have anti-hypertensive and anti-tumor activities. After a thorough literature survey, we hypothesized that enzymes in mushroom extracts play an important role in synthesizing functional molecules. Therefore, in this study, proteins extracted from reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum), which is used in oriental medicine, were identified by the proteomic approach, and appropriate extraction methods for improving angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were investigated. RESULTS Various glycoside hydrolases (GHs), such as beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (GH family 20), alpha-1,2-mannosidase (GH family 47), endo-beta-1,3-glucanase (GH family 128), and beta-1,3-glucanase (GH152), that degrade glycans in the fruiting body were identified. The residual glucanase activities generated beta-oligosaccharides. Additionally, the glutamic acid protease of the peptidase G1 family was determined as the major protein in the extract, and the residual peptidase activity of the extracts was found to improve ACE inhibitory activities. Finally, it was observed that extraction at 50 degrees C is suitable for yielding functional molecules with high ACE inhibitory activities. CONCLUSION Water extraction is generally believed to extract only functional macromolecules that exist in mushroom fruiting bodies. This study proposed a new concept that describes how functional molecules are produced by enzymes, including proteases and GHs, during extraction. (c) 2018 Society of Chemical Industry