Metabolism and bioavailability of newly developed dietary fiber materials, resistant glucan and hydrogenated resistant glucan, in rats and humans.
Metabolism and bioavailability of newly developed dietary fiber materials, resistant glucan and hydrogenated resistant glucan, in rats and humans.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12986-016-0073-2
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Oku T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakamura S;Tanabe K;Morita S;Hamaguchi N;Shimura F;Oku T
抗性葡聚糖（RG）和氢化抗性葡聚糖（HRG）是新型膳食纤维材料，旨在降低代谢综合征和生活方式相关疾病的风险。我们使用大鼠和人类研究了 RG 和 HRG 的代谢和生物利用度。使用纯化的RG和HRG作为测试物质。 25只Wistar雄性大鼠（270g）自由采食实验饲料（以β-玉米淀粉替代纤维素的AIN93M饲料）1周后，用于采血和循环空气采集实验。 10 名参与者（5 名男性，22.5 岁，BMI 20.4 kg/m2；5 名女性，25.8 岁，BMI 20.9 kg/m2）自愿参与本研究。该研究采用受试者内重复测量设计进行。将 RG 和 HRG 对大鼠和人类血糖、胰岛素和氢气排泄反应的影响与葡萄糖和典型的不可消化且可发酵的低聚果糖 (FOS) 的影响进行比较。使用基于呼吸氢排泄的发酵能力来评估可用能量。当给大鼠口服纯化的RG或HRG（400毫克）时，血糖和胰岛素略有增加，但低于给予葡萄糖时的水平（P < 0.05）。给予 RG 后 120 分钟，氢气开始排出，并在 180 分钟出现可忽略不计的小峰值，此后直到 1440 分钟才几乎排出。 HRG 给药后的氢排泄在 180 分钟时显示出比 RG 更大的峰值，但明显低于 FOS。 RG和HRG通过粪便排出，但不通过尿液排出。当健康人摄入纯化的 RG 或 HRG（30 克）时，血糖和胰岛素水平几乎没有增加。呼吸氢排泄略有增加，但明显低于 FOS。摄入纯化的 RG 或 HRG（5 克）来评估可用能量，几乎不增加葡萄糖和胰岛素水平以及呼气氢排泄。纯化 RG 的可用能量为 0 kcal/g，HRG 的可用能量为 1 kcal/g。人和大鼠的生物利用度都很低，因为纯化的RG和HRG中的次要成分寡糖通过肠道微生物代谢，而较高分子量的主要成分几乎不被代谢。此外，健康成年人摄入 30 克 RG 或 HRG 不会引起明显的急性副作用。 RG和HRG有望作为新型低能量膳食纤维材料。
Resistant glucan (RG) and hydrogenated resistant glucan (HRG) are new dietary fiber materials developed to decrease the risk of metabolic syndrome and lifestyle-related diseases. We investigated the metabolism and bioavailability of RG and HRG using rats and humans. Purified RG and HRG were used as test substances. After 25 Wistar male rats (270 g) were fed with an experimental diet (AIN93M diet with the cellulose replaced by β-corn starch) ad libitum for 1 week, they were used for the experiment involving blood collection and circulating air collection. Ten participants (5 males, 22.5 y, BMI 20.4 kg/m2; 5 females, 25.8 y, BMI 20.9 kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this study. The study was carried out using a within-subject, repeated measures design. Effects of RG and HRG on the response for blood glucose and insulin and hydrogen excretion were compared with those of glucose and a typical nondigestible and fermentable fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in rats and humans. Available energy was evaluated using the fermentability based on breath hydrogen excretion. When purified RG or HRG (400 mg) was administered orally to rats, blood glucose and insulin increased slightly, but less than when glucose was administration (P < 0.05). Hydrogen started to be excreted 120 min after administration of RG with negligibly small peak at 180 min, thereafter excreted scarcely until 1440 min. Hydrogen excretion after HRG administration showed a larger peak than RG at 180 min, but was markedly less than FOS. RG and HRG were excreted in feces, but not urine. When purified RG or HRG (30 g) were ingested by healthy humans, blood glucose and insulin levels increased scarcely. Breath hydrogen excretion increased slightly, but remarkably less than FOS. Ingestion of purified RG or HRG (5 g) to evaluate available energy, increased scarcely glucose and insulin levels and breath hydrogen excretion. Available energy was evaluated as 0 kcal/g for purified RG and 1 kcal/g for HRG. The bioavailability was very low in both humans and rats, because oligosaccharide of minor component in purified RG and HRG was metabolized via intestinal microbes but major components with higher molecular weight were metabolized scarcely. Moreover, the ingestion of 30 g of RG or HRG did not induce apparent acute side effects in healthy adults. RG and HRG might potentially be used as new dietary fiber materials with low energy.