The Influence of Disclosure History and Body Diagrams on Children's Reports of Inappropriate Touching: Evidence From a New Analog Paradigm
The Influence of Disclosure History and Body Diagrams on Children's Reports of Inappropriate Touching: Evidence From a New Analog Paradigm
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DOI：
10.1037/lhb0000208
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Poole, Debra Ann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dickinson, Jason J.;Poole, Debra Ann
我们测试了一种新的范式，儿童目击者的研究，将儿童的披露历史模拟研究设计。科学细菌侦探先生通过说服孩子们在实验室里触摸可能会造成污染（细菌），创造了有意义的触摸体验和不同的面试前披露模式。儿童（N = 287，4至8岁）听说科学先生不能再触摸儿童的皮肤，然后参加了一个教育计划，涉及2次尝试触摸。一周后，他们的披露历史是通过一个电话确定的，这个电话发生在实验室进行法医式采访的前一天。本次采访是在2种条件中的1种下进行的：早期开放式且更有针对性的提示，没有图表（传统优先条件）或初始图表辅助阶段（图表优先条件）。结果证实，新的范式产生显着的触摸和性能模式，在开放式和更集中的问题，反映了众所周知的调查结果，在目击者的研究。图表使研究助理更容易获得触摸的详细报告，但仅限于5岁及以上的儿童，他们以前没有透露过。准确率是相当的采访条件的早期实质性阶段，但年龄较大的儿童下降时，采访者使用图表，以引起额外的报告在采访后期。这些研究结果表明，披露历史是一个重要的变量，包括在模拟研究设计，并确认细菌侦探是一个很有前途的新的面试策略的初步测试的范例。
We tested a new paradigm for child eyewitness research that incorporates children's disclosure histories into analog study designs. Mr. Science-Germ Detective creates meaningful touching experiences and varied patterns of preinterview disclosures by convincing children that touching in the laboratory is potentially contaminating (germy). Children (N = 287, 4 to 8 years) heard that Mr. Science could no longer touch children's skin and then participated in an educational program involving 2 attempted touches. A week later, their disclosure histories were determined by a phone call that occurred a day before a forensic-style interview in the laboratory. This interview was delivered in 1 of 2 conditions: with early open-ended and more focused prompts delivered without a diagram (conventional-first condition) or with an initial diagram-assisted phase (diagram-first condition). Results confirmed that the new paradigm produces salient touches and performance patterns across open-ended and more focused questions that mirror well-known findings in eyewitness studies. A diagram made it easier for research assistants to elicit detailed reports of touching, but only among children 5 years and older who had not previously disclosed. Accuracy rates were comparable across interview conditions for early substantive phases but declined among older children when interviewers used diagrams to elicit additional reports late in interviews. These findings demonstrate that disclosure history is an important variable to include in analog study designs and confirm that Germ Detective is a promising paradigm for initial tests of new interviewing strategies.