5G Key Technologies for Smart Railways
5G Key Technologies for Smart Railways
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DOI：
10.1109/jproc.2020.2988595
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
20.6
通讯作者：
Zhong, Zhang-Dui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ai, By Bo;Molisch, Andreas E.;Zhong, Zhang-Dui
由于铁路（尤其是高速铁路）的蓬勃发展，铁路通信引起了学术界和工业界的高度关注。为了符合未来智能铁路通信的愿景，铁路运输行业需要开发创新的通信网络架构和关键技术，以确保为乘客以及铁路运营和控制系统提供高质量的传输，同时满足高移动性以及安全、环保、舒适、透明、可预测和可靠等要求。第五代（5G）技术可能是应对高速铁路通信高可靠性和高吞吐量设计挑战的一个有前景的解决方案。基于我们对智能轨道交通服务和通信场景的深入分析，我们为基于5G的高速铁路系统提出了一种网络切片架构。通过对铁路场景中毫米波频段的无线电波传播特性和信道模型进行基于射线追踪的分析，我们就高速铁路合适的工作频段得出了重要结论。具体而言，我们已经确定了基于5G的高速铁路关键技术，例如空间调制、快速信道估计、无蜂窝大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）、毫米波、高效波束成形、无线回程、超可靠低延迟通信以及增强的切换策略。基于这些技术，我们为智能铁路开发了一个完整的5G技术框架，并指出了令人兴奋的未来研究方向。
Railway communications has attracted significant attention from both academia and industries due to the booming development of railways, especially high-speed railways (HSRs). To be in line with the vision of future smart rail communications, the rail transport industry needs to develop innovative communication network architectures and key technologies that ensure high-quality transmissions for both passengers and railway operations and control systems. Under high mobility and with safety, eco-friendliness, comfort, transparency, predictability, and reliability. Fifth-generation (5G) technologies could be a promising solution to dealing with the design challenges on high reliability and high throughput for HSR communications. Based on our in-depth analysis of smart rail traffic services and communication scenarios, we propose a network slicing architecture for a 5G-based HSR system. With a ray tracing-based analysis of radio wave propagation characteristics and channel models for millimeter wave (mmWave) bands in railway scenarios, we draw important conclusions with regard to appropriate operating frequency bands for HSRs. mymargin Specifically, we have identified significant 5G-based key technologies for HSRs, such as spatial modulation, fast channel estimation, cell-free massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO), mmWave, efficient beamforming, wireless backhaul, ultrareliable low latency communications, and enhanced handover strategies. Based on these technologies, we have developed a complete framework of 5G technologies for smart railways and pointed out exciting future research directions.