Power-to-gas and power-to-liquid for managing renewable electricity intermittency in the Alpine Region
Power-to-gas and power-to-liquid for managing renewable electricity intermittency in the Alpine Region
复制标题
用于管理阿尔卑斯地区可再生电力间歇性的电转气和电转液
DOI：
10.1016/j.renene.2017.02.020
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
F. Kraxner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sennai Mesfun;D. L. Sanchez;S. Leduc;Elisabeth Wetterlund;J. Lundgren;M. Biberacher;F. Kraxner
大规模部署可再生能源（RES）在减少能源供应系统的二氧化碳排放方面发挥着核心作用，但太阳能和风能技术的不稳定性带来了整合挑战。高温共电解的蒸汽和CO2在电力到天然气（PtG）和电力到液体（PtL）配置可以利用多余的间歇性电力转化为化学燃料。然后，这些可以直接在其他部门消耗，如运输和供暖，或用作电力储存。在这里，我们调查碳政策和化石燃料价格对PtG和PtL系统的经济和工程潜力的影响，作为间歇性可再生电力的存储，并作为阿尔卑斯地区低碳供暖和运输能源的来源。我们采用空间和时间上明确的优化方法，RES，PtG，PtL和化石技术在电力，供热和运输部门，使用BeWhere模型。结果表明，大规模部署PtG和PtL技术生产化学燃料从多余的间歇性电力是可行的，特别是当激励的碳价格。根据碳和化石燃料的价格，每年捕获的15 - 1500万吨二氧化碳可用于合成化学燃料，取代目前运输中11%的化石燃料。通过在电力、交通和供暖部门之间提供物理连接，PtG和PtL技术可以使可再生能源更好地融入全球能源供应链。
Large-scale deployment of renewable energy sources (RES) plays a central role in reducing CO2emissions from energy supply systems, but intermittency from solar and wind technologies presents integration challenges. High temperature co-electrolysis of steam and CO2in power-to-gas (PtG) and power-to-liquid (PtL) configurations could utilize excess intermittent electricity by converting it into chemical fuels. These can then be directly consumed in other sectors, such as transportation and heating, or used as power storage. Here, we investigate the impact of carbon policy and fossil fuel prices on the economic and engineering potential of PtG and PtL systems as storage for intermittent renewable electricity and as a source of low-carbon heating and transportation energy in the Alpine region. We employ a spatially and temporally explicit optimization approach of RES, PtG, PtL and fossil technologies in the electricity, heating, and transportation sectors, using the BeWhere model. Results indicate that large-scale deployment of PtG and PtL technologies for producing chemical fuels from excess intermittent electricity is feasible, particularly when incentivized by carbon prices. Depending on carbon and fossil fuel price, 0.15–15 million tonnes/year of captured CO2can be used in the synthesis of the chemical fuels, displacing up to 11% of current fossil fuel use in transportation. By providing a physical link between the electricity, transportation, and heating sectors, PtG and PtL technologies can enable greater integration of RES into the energy supply chain globally.