Exposure assessment of Portuguese infants to Aflatoxin M1 in breast milk and maternal social-demographical and food consumption determinants
Exposure assessment of Portuguese infants to Aflatoxin M1 in breast milk and maternal social-demographical and food consumption determinants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.02.043
复制
发表时间：
2018-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Pena, Angelina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bogalho, Fernando;Duarte, Sofia;Pena, Angelina
真菌毒素是真菌的次级代谢产物，对人类和动物都有毒性作用。黄曲霉毒素M1（AFMI）是黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB 1）的水解代谢产物，可通过母乳传播给新生儿，与受污染的食物一起沿着摄入。AFMI被归类为“可能对人类致癌的物质”（IARC 2B组）。尽管AFM 1对母乳喂养的婴儿有潜在的危害，但在欧洲缺乏暴露评估的研究，在Portuguel.The本研究的目的是确定母乳中AFM 1的发生和婴儿暴露于这种毒素的程度。AFM 1浓度与基本社会人口因素和某些类别食物消费之间的相关性也是目的。因此，在2015年至2016年期间，收集了67份来自葡萄牙哺乳母亲的乳汁样本，并使用竞争性商业ELISA试剂盒进行分析，以确定AFM 1的存在。22份样本（32.8%）含有高于检测限（5 ng/L）的AFM 1水平，范围为5.1至10.6 ng/L（7.4 +/- 1.9 ng/L）。在观察到的暴露模式，AFM 1阳性的牛奶样本与夏季收集，较低的母亲的教育水平，哺乳期早期和母亲的大米和巧克力消费。没有其他研究的决定因素，无论是社会人口统计学（年龄，体重，身高，子女人数，母乳喂养的特点，婴儿的体重）或饮食（食物消费的频率）显示出显着的统计影响。对AFM 1估计每日摄入量（EDI）的评估显示，年龄较小的婴儿接触量较高（= 7 kg; 0.86 ng/kg b.w./每日）和TDI的建议值（0.2纳克/千克体重）。因此，本研究的结果表明，需要加强对食品中黄曲霉毒素B1的监测，作为一种保护和控制措施，不仅对成人，而且最终对通过母乳暴露的哺乳期婴儿。尽管AFM 1的致癌能力较差，但值得注意的是，与成人相比，婴儿的致癌物质生物转化能力较低，饮食相当有限，与体重相关的摄入量较高。(C)2018爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi that have toxic effects on both humans and animals. Aflatoxin M1 (AFMI) which can be transmitted to newborns via breast milk, is a hydrolyzed metabolite of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) that is ingested along with contaminated food. AFMI is classified as "possibly carcinogenic agent for Human" (group 2B IARC). Despite the potential hazard of AFM1 to breastfed babies, there is a lack of studies of exposure evaluation in Europe and a complete absence of reports in Portugal.The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of AFM1 in maternal milk and the degree of exposure of infants to this toxin. The correlation between the concentration of AFM1 and basic socio-demographic factors and the consumption of certain categories of food was also aimed. Thus 67 milk samples from nursing mothers living in Portugal were collected, between 2015 and 2016, and analyzed using a competitive commercial ELISA kit, in order to determine the presence of AFM1.Twenty-two samples (32.8%) contained levels of AFM1 above the detection limit (5 ng/L), ranging between 5.1 and 10.6 ng/L (7.4 +/- 1.9 ng/L). In the observed exposure pattern, AFM1-positive milk samples were associated with summer collection, lower mother's educational level, early lactation phase and the maternal consumption of rice and chocolate. No other studied determinants, whether socio-demographic (age, weight, height, number of children, characteristics of breastfeeding, the infants' weight) or dietary (frequency of food consumption) showed a significant statistical influence. Assessment of AFM1 estimated daily intake (EDI) revealed a higher exposure of younger babies (= 7 kg; 0.86 ng/kg b.w./day), and the proposed value of TDI (0.2 ng/kg b.w.).Thus the results of this study suggest the need to reinforce surveillance of AFB1 occurrence in food, as a protective and control measure, not only for adults, but ultimately for lactating infants exposed through maternal breast milk. Although AFM1 presents an inferior carcinogenic potency, it is noteworthy that when compared with adults, infants feature a lower capacity of carcinogen biotransformation, a fairly restricted diet and a higher consumption in relation to body weight. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.