Five crop seasons' records of greenhouse gas fluxes from upland fields with repetitive applications of biochar and cattle manure.
Five crop seasons' records of greenhouse gas fluxes from upland fields with repetitive applications of biochar and cattle manure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.032
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
A. Watanabe;K. Ikeya;Naoya Kanazaki;S. Makabe;Yukihiko Sugiura;A. Shibata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Watanabe;K. Ikeya;Naoya Kanazaki;S. Makabe;Yukihiko Sugiura;A. Shibata
将半焦应用于农业土地被认为是一种潜在的方法，可以将植物吸收的大气碳（C）固定在土壤中，从而减缓全球变暖。预计这一过程还将改善植物生长和土壤的物理和化学性质。然而，现场调查的影响，连续炭应用尚未报道。在本研究中，重复施用竹炭从土壤CO2，CH 4，N2 O通量，土壤碳含量和作物产量的影响，在两个高地超过5个作物季节进行了研究。三种治疗方法：在每个田地中布置化肥（CF）施用区（对照区）;牛粪（CM）（10 t ha−1）和CF施用区（CM区）;以及竹炭（20 t ha−1）、牛粪（10 t ha−1）和CF施用区（Char/CM区）。在三个作物季节之后，在没有CF的情况下施用具有炭的第四处理（炭小区）。每个作物季节施用CM和/或炭。使用静态室法测量气体通量。CM和Char/CM地块之间以及Char和Control地块之间的CO2通量和总CO2排放量的季节变化一致。因此，竹炭的分解速率很小，在田间条件下，竹炭对CM分解的正、负效应均不显著。土壤C分析证实了这一点。施用CM增加N2 O排放主要表现在夏粮季节。在大多数情况下，在总N2 O排放量的差异之间的Char/CM和CM的地块，以及之间的Char和控制地块是不显着的。在所有情况下，总CH 4通量都小得可以忽略不计。尽管在其中一块田地中，在炭/CM地块中观察到冬季作物（西兰花）的产量比对照和CM地块中的产量高两倍，但一般而言，炭的施用对总体作物产量没有影响。因此，重复施用竹炭对温室气体排放和作物产量没有显著影响，但具有较高的碳积累功能。
The application of char to agricultural land is recognized as a potential way to sequester atmospheric carbon (C) assimilated by plants in soil, thus decelerating global warming. Such a process would also be expected to improve plant growth and the physical and chemical properties of soil. However, field investigations of the effects of continuous char application have not been reported. In the present study, the effects of repetitive bamboo char application on CO2, CH4, and N2O flux from soil, soil C content, and crop yield were investigated at two upland fields over five crop seasons. Three treatments: chemical fertilizer (CF) applied plots (Control plot); cattle manure (CM) (10 t ha−1) and CF applied plot (CM plot); and bamboo char (20 t ha−1), cattle manure (10 t ha−1), and CF applied plot (Char/CM plot), were arranged in each field. After three crop seasons, the fourth treatment with char was applied without CF (Char plot) was given to one of the fields. CM and/or char were applied every crop season. Gas fluxes were measured using the static chamber method. Seasonal variations in CO2flux and total CO2emissions were consistently similar between the CM and Char/CM plots and between the Char and Control plots. As such, the decomposition rate of bamboo char was quite small, and the positive or negative effect of char on CM decomposition was not significant in the fields. Soil C analysis provided confirmation of this. CM application enhanced N2O emission mainly in the summer crop season. The differences in total N2O emission between the Char/CM and CM plots as well as between the Char and Control plots were insignificant in most cases. Total CH4flux was negligibly small in all cases. Although the yield of winter crop (broccoli) in the Char/CM plots was twice observed to be higher than that in the Control and CM plots at one of the fields, in general, the char application had no effect on overall crop yield. Thus, the repeated application of bamboo char had no significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions and crop yields, but a high C accumulating function was found.