The role of miRNA in somatic embryogenesis
The role of miRNA in somatic embryogenesis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.11.022
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Khan, Mohammad Nasir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siddiqui, Zahid Hameed;Abbas, Zahid Khorshid;Khan, Mohammad Nasir
体细胞胚胎发生是大量生产重要经济作物的最佳技术之一。它还用于胚胎发育的形态学、解剖学、生理学、遗传学和分子机制的研究。体细胞胚胎（SE）是从配子或合子以外的细胞发育而来的双极结构。SEG反映了植物体细胞独特的发育潜能，导致分化的体细胞向胚性细胞过渡，以遵循合子胚阶段。有几个生物化学和生理过程将单个体细胞转化为整个植物。SE研究提供了对植物全能性过程的细胞机制的深入了解。此前，体外研究表明，各种调节基因在植物激素响应应激而触发的胚发生转变中发挥作用。组学研究确定了体细胞胚胎发生发育所需的特定基因、转录本和蛋白质。MicroRNA（miRNAs）是一类长度为19-24个核苷酸的非编码小RNA调控分子，控制着大量的生物学过程。miRNAs除了在SEG中发挥作用外，还在植物发育、次生代谢产物的合成和大分子物质的代谢、激素信号转导以及植物对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性等方面发挥重要作用。在过去的十年中，已经报道了几种类型的参与SEG的miRNAs。其中miR 156、miR 162、miR 166 a、miR 167、miR 168、miR 171 a/B、miR 171 c、miR 393、miR 397和miR 398在SEG的各个阶段起着非常活跃的作用。在这篇综述中，我们强调了这些以及其他miRNA在一些经济上重要的植物中的作用。
Somatic embryogenesis (SEG) is one of the best techniques for mass production of economically important plants. It is also used for the study of morphology, anatomy, physiology, genetics and molecular mechanism of embryo development. Somatic Embryos (SE) are bipolar structures that develop from a cell other than a gamete or zygote. SEG reflects the unique developmental potential of plant somatic cells, resulting in the transition of the differentiated somatic cells to embryogenic cells to follow the zygotic embryo stages. There are several biochemical and physiological processes that transformed a single somatic cell to a whole plant. SE studies provide insight into cell mechanisms governing the totipotency process in plants. Previously, in vitro studies have suggested the role of various regulatory genes in embryogenic transition that are triggered by plant hormones in response to stress. The omic studies identify the specific genes, transcripts, and proteins required for somatic embryogenesis development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, 19-24 nucleotides (nt), non-coding small RNA regulatory molecules controlling a large number of biological processes. In addition to their role in SEG, miRNAs play vital role in plant development, secondary metabolite synthesis and metabolism of macromolecules, hormone signal transduction, and tolerance of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. During last decade several types of miRNAs involved in SEG have been reported. Among these miRNAs, miR156, miR162, miR166a, miR167, miR168, miR171a/b, miR171c, miR393, miR397 and miR398 played very active role during various stages of SEG. In this review, we highlighted the role of these as well as other miRNAs in some economically important plants.