Fat reserves of migrating passerines at arrival on the breeding grounds in Swedish Lapland
Fat reserves of migrating passerines at arrival on the breeding grounds in Swedish Lapland
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迁徙雀形目鸟类抵达瑞典拉普兰繁殖地时的脂肪储备
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Sandberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sandberg
雾网捕获数据在6年（1988-1990年和1992-1994年）的实地工作中被用来描述的9种迁徙雀形目鸟类繁殖在近北极的环境中，在瑞典拉普兰的到达序列和脂肪负荷。长途移民到达显着更大的平均脂肪储备比中，短途移民。长途移徙者在抵达时携带的脂肪量相当于潜在的剩余飞行距离在242至500公里之间。当雌性和雄性同时到达繁殖地时，9个物种中有7个物种的雌性携带的能量储备明显大于雄性。与此相反，当性别显示出显着差异的中位数到达日期（九个物种中的两个），有没有差异的平均脂肪负荷进行到繁殖区。每个物种的迁徙习性和觅食生态与到达时的脂肪储备量之间存在关系，这表明特定物种的迁徙距离和觅食习性决定了在迁徙和繁殖开始之间的过渡期内所需的脂肪量。在研究区域的短生长季节限制了繁殖和换羽的时间，到达时的大量能量储备可能会加快繁殖时间表，以抵消可能的时间限制。在春季迁徙期间，最后一个中途停留地的超载可能是一种适应，使鸟类能够科普高纬度地区有限的繁殖和换羽时间。
Mist-net capture data taken during 6 years (1988–1990 and 1992–1994) of field work were used to describe the arrival sequences and fat loads of nine species of migratory passerines which breed in a near-Arctic environment in Swedish Lapland. Long-distance migrants arrived with significantly larger mean fat reserves than did medium- and short-distance migrants. Long-distance migrants carried fat loads at arrival which corresponded to potential remaining flight distances between 242 and 500 km. When females and males arrived on the breeding grounds simultaneously, females carried significantly larger energy reserves than did males in seven out of nine species. In contrast, when the sexes showed a significant difference in median arrival date (two out of nine species), there was no difference in mean fat load carried into the breeding area. A relationship was found between the migratory habits and foraging ecology of each species and the amount of fat reserves at arrival, suggesting that species-specific migratory distances and feeding habits determine the amount of fat that is needed during the transition period between migration and onset of breeding. The short growing season in the study area restricts the time available for breeding and moult, and large energy reserves at arrival may speed up the breeding schedule to counteract possible time constraints. Overloading at the last stopover site during spring migration may be an adaptation allowing birds to cope with a restricted time frame for breeding and moult at high latitudes.