Water-vortex stabilized electric arc: I. Numerical model
Water-vortex stabilized electric arc: I. Numerical model
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DOI：
10.1088/0022-3727/32/21/309
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发表时间：
1999-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Jeništa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Jeništa
提出了水涡稳定电弧的数值模型。二维轴对称模型包括阴极与电弧室孔口之间的放电区域。水等离子体的产生，即水壁的蒸发速率，要么从实验中得到，要么通过将出口等离子体参数拟合到实验参数中来确定。计算机计算结果涉及300、400、500和600 A电流下这些电弧的热学、流体动力学和电学特性。例如，热扩散在放电中的作用随着电流的增大而增大。由于径向传导和辐射造成的电弧功率损耗约占输入功率的50%。由于诱导切向速度分量引起的等离子体柱旋转对整体电弧性能的影响可以忽略不计。计算得到的速度、压降和电势与在PAL-160水等离子炬上进行的实验结果吻合较好。
A numerical model for an electric arc stabilized by a water vortex has been proposed. The two-dimensional axisymmetric model includes the discharge area between the cathode and the orifice of the arc chamber. The production of water plasma, i.e. the rate of evaporation of a water wall, is taken either from experiments or is determined numerically by fitting of the outlet plasma parameters to the experimental ones. The computer results concern thermal, fluid dynamic and electrical characteristics of such arcs for the currents 300, 400, 500 and 600 A. It is found, for example, that the role of thermal diffusion within the discharge increases with current. The power losses from the arc due to radial conduction and radiation represent around 50% of the input power. Rotation of the plasma column due to the induced tangential velocity component has negligible effect on the overall arc performance. The calculated velocities, pressure drops and electrical potentials are in good agreement with experiments carried out on the water plasma torch PAL-160 operating at our Institute.