Simulation of nitrous oxide emissions at field scale using the SPACSYS model.
Simulation of nitrous oxide emissions at field scale using the SPACSYS model.
复制标题
利用 SPACSYS 模型模拟田间规模的一氧化二氮排放。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.064
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发表时间：
2015-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Whitmore AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu L;Rees RM;Tarsitano D;Zhang X;Jones SK;Whitmore AP
通过土壤硝化和反硝化过程排放到大气中的一氧化二氮在大气温室气体平衡中起着重要作用，并参与平流层臭氧的破坏。这些过程受到生物、物理和化学因素的控制，如微生物的生长和活动、氮的有效性、土壤温度和水的有效性。全面了解这些过程体现在一个适当的模型，可以帮助制定农业缓解战略，以减少温室气体排放，并帮助估计在景观和区域尺度的排放量。一个详细描述反硝化和硝化过程以及含氮气体排放的模块被纳入SPACernet模型，以取代先前使用简化的一阶方程来估计反硝化和无法区分单个含氮气体排放的模块。一个数据集来自苏格兰草地实验青贮生产被用来验证土壤水分在顶部10厘米的土壤，削减生物量，氮吸收和N2O排放。模拟和观测数据之间的比较表明，新的模块可以提供一个很好的代表性，这些过程和提高N2O排放的预测。该模型提供了一个机会来估计各种农业管理情景下的气态氮排放量，并综合了我们对这些过程的相互作用和调节的理解。在SPACTRONIC中建立了微生物控制的反硝化和N2O排放。模拟输出同意与苏格兰草原数据集。模拟的排放因子随气候、管理和施氮方式的不同而不同。SPACERATION能够较好地模拟草地C、N循环中的组分。
Nitrous oxide emitted to the atmosphere via the soil processes of nitrification and denitrification plays an important role in the greenhouse gas balance of the atmosphere and is involved in the destruction of stratospheric ozone. These processes are controlled by biological, physical and chemical factors such as growth and activity of microbes, nitrogen availability, soil temperature and water availability. A comprehensive understanding of these processes embodied in an appropriate model can help develop agricultural mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and help with estimating emissions at landscape and regional scales. A detailed module to describe the denitrification and nitrification processes and nitrogenous gas emissions was incorporated into the SPACSYS model to replace an earlier module that used a simplified first-order equation to estimate denitrification and was unable to distinguish the emissions of individual nitrogenous gases. A dataset derived from a Scottish grassland experiment in silage production was used to validate soil moisture in the top 10 cm soil, cut biomass, nitrogen offtake and N2O emissions. The comparison between the simulated and observed data suggested that the new module can provide a good representation of these processes and improve prediction of N2O emissions. The model provides an opportunity to estimate gaseous N emissions under a wide range of management scenarios in agriculture, and synthesises our understanding of the interaction and regulation of the processes. Microbe-controlled denitrification and N2O emissions were built in SPACSYS. Simulated outputs agreed well with a Scottish grassland dataset. The simulated emission factors vary with climate, management and forms of applied N. SPACSYS is capable of simulating the components in C and N cycling in grassland.