Components and mechanisms of thermal hyperpnea.
Components and mechanisms of thermal hyperpnea.
复制标题
热呼吸过度的成分和机制。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
M. White
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. White
在高温诱导的过度换气过程中，不同物种的呼吸模式有所不同。热性呼吸急促是体温过高时出现的第一阶段的喘息反应，此时潮气量最小，呼吸频率最大。在过度换气过程中，血气紧张和PH值保持不变，相关的热量损失有助于动物调节体温。热疗中采用的第二种呼吸模式是热性呼吸亢进；这一反应是本综述的重点。这种过度换气的形式在核心温度升高后很明显，在人类身上也很明显。在这种反应中，潮气量和呼吸频率明显增加，导致呼吸性碱中毒。热性呼吸亢进的原因尚未解决；这种反应潜在机制的证据支持，反应的调节器与体温以乘性或相加的方式起作用。讨论了支持或反驳这两种观点的研究的设计和方法的细节。提出了热性呼吸亢进的生理学基础，认为这种反应起到了散热的作用，并有助于在体温过高的人中选择性降温。这一领域正在进行的研究集中在解决热性高呼吸的机制及其对颅脑温度调节的贡献上。这项研究的直接应用是对发热和高热患者的护理。
The pattern of breathing during a hyperthermia-induced hyperventilation varies across different species. Thermal tachypnea is a first phase panting response adopted during hyperthermia when tidal volume is minimized and the frequency of breathing is maximized. Blood-gas tensions and pH are maintained during this hyperventilation, and the associated heat loss helps the animal regulate its body temperature. A second pattern of breathing adopted in hyperthermia is thermal hyperpnea; this response is the focus of this review. This form of hyperventilation is evident after an increase in core temperature and it is apparent in humans. Increases of tidal volume as well as frequency of breathing are evident during this response that results in a respiratory alkalosis. The cause of thermal hyperpnea is not resolved; evidence of the potential mechanisms underlying this response support that modulators of the response act in either a multiplicative or additive manner with body temperatures. The details of the designs and methodologies of the studies supporting or refuting these two views are discussed. A physiological rationale for thermal hyperpnea is presented in which it is suggested this response serves a heat-loss role and contributes to selective brain cooling in hyperthermic humans. Ongoing research in this area is focused on resolving the mechanisms underlying thermal hyperpnea and its contribution to cranial thermoregulation. The direct application of this research is for the care of febrile and hyperthermic patients.