The epidemiology of human schistosomiasis in the Senegal river basin
The epidemiology of human schistosomiasis in the Senegal river basin
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DOI：
10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90501-5
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发表时间：
1996-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Rollinson, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Picquet, M;Ernould, JC;Rollinson, D
在过去十年中，塞内加尔北部进行了广泛的水资源开发，导致用于灌溉的淡水量大幅增加。本研究的目的是确定曼氏血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫的感染率和感染强度。的塞内加尔河流域（SRB）的血吸虫，并确定分布的蜗牛物种作为中间宿主的两种寄生虫。血吸虫病调查于1994年1月开始，1995年3月完成。与Diama大坝建设前的研究相比，SRB部分地区人群中泌尿和肠道血吸虫病的患病率和严重程度均显着增加。从10个区4个镇180个村的9014人中，共检查7750人。S.在下游河谷（下游三角洲-塞内加尔河、下游三角洲-兰普萨尔河、上游三角洲和迪尔河）发现了mansoni，但在中部河谷没有发现。平均患病率范围为4.4%，在较低的三角洲-塞内加尔河的71.8%，在吉耶尔湖区，感染的患病率和强度较高的东侧的湖泊（81.3%，平均数为2088个鸡蛋/克粪便）相比，西侧（50.3%，平均1111个鸡蛋/克）。S.在整个研究区域记录到了埃及血吸虫病，范围从diere（下谷）的平均患病率0.37%到下谷（Lampsar河）的41.5%，其中平均虫卵计数为313/10公吨尿。环境的物理和化学变化促进了淡水蜗牛种群的扩散和增加。唯一参与S. mansoni为双脐螺。螺类有球泡螺Bulinus globosus、大泡螺Bu. umbilicatus、Bu. senegalensis，Bu. forskalii和Bu. truncatus-but只有前3种参与传播S.中谷和低谷的寄生虫。
Extensive water development has taken place in the north of Senegal over the last decade, resulting in a large increase in the amount of fresh water for irrigation. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium in the Senegal river basin (SRB), and to ascertain the distribution of the snail species acting as intermediate hosts for both species of schistosomes. The schistosomiasis survey started in January 1994 and was completed in March 1995. Compared to studies before the construction of the Diama dam, there was a significant increase in both the prevalence and intensity of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis in the human population in parts of the SRB. From the 9014 people who were registered from 180 villages and 4 towns (10 districts), 7750 were examined. S. mansoni was found in the lower valley (lower delta-Senegal river, lower delta-Lampsar river, upper delta, and diere) but not in the middle valley. The mean prevalence ranged from 4.4% in the lower delta-Senegal River to 71.8% in the zone of Lac de Guiers, where prevalence and intensity of infection were higher on the eastern side of the lake (81.3% with a mean number of 2088 eggs/g of faeces) compared with the western side (50.3% with a mean 1111 eggs/g). S. haematobium was recorded throughout the area of study, ranging from a mean prevalence of 0.37% in diere (lower valley) to 41.5% in the lower valley (Lampsar river), where the mean egg count was 313/10 mt of urine. Physical and chemical changes to the environment have favoured the spread and increase in the populations of freshwater snails. The only snail involved in the transmission of S. mansoni was Biomphalaria pfeifferi. Five species of bulinid snails were present-Bulinus globosus, Bu. umbilicatus, Bu. senegalensis, Bu. forskalii and Bu. truncatus-but only the first 3 species were involved in the transmission of S. haematobium in the lower and middle valleys.