Development of Gender Constancy and Children's Sex-Typed Free Play Behavior.
Development of Gender Constancy and Children's Sex-Typed Free Play Behavior.
复制标题
性别恒常性的发展和儿童性别类型的自由游戏行为。
DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.20.4.691
复制
发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
K. Letourneau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Smetana;K. Letourneau
64名学龄前儿童（年龄27-70个月），几乎相等数量的男孩和女孩在4个级别的性别恒定的观察期间，在他们的学前自由游戏会议，以检查性别恒定性，同性或异性玩伴的偏好，和性别类型的活动之间的关系。每个S的游戏被评为40倍的时间表上的活动类型和玩伴互动风格。在剔除年龄因素后，性别恒常性水平与社会交往中的玩伴选择有关。与了解性别在不同情况下是不变的女性相比，了解性别在时间上是稳定的但在情况下不是稳定的女性参与了更多的同性社交互动。在性别稳定性的4个水平上，男性之间的同性社会交往比例没有差异。在所有级别的性别恒定性的学生被发现是性别类型的玩具和活动的偏好，当他们单独玩，当他们在平行或与同性同龄人互动，但不是当他们在混合性别的群体中平行玩。男性而不是女性被发现在混合性别的社会互动活动偏好的性别类型。这些研究结果表明，至少对女性来说，性别概念可能有组织的作用，在性别角色的发展，激励儿童寻求社会环境中获得和实践性适当的行为。(20参考）（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
64 preschool children (aged 27–70 mo) with nearly equal numbers of boys and girls at each of 4 levels of gender constancy were observed during free-play sessions at their preschools to examine relationships among gender constancy, preferences for same-or opposite-sex playmates, and sex-typed activities. Each S's play was rated 40 times on a point-time schedule for type of activity and playmate-interaction style. With the effect of age removed, level of gender constancy was found to be related to playmate choice in social interaction. Females who had acquired an understanding that gender is temporally but not situationally stable engaged in more same-sex social interaction than females who understood that gender is invariant across situations. There were no differences in the proportion of same-sex social interaction among males at the 4 levels of gender constancy. Ss at all levels of gender constancy were found to be sex-typed in their toy and activity preferences when they played alone and when they played in parallel or interacted with same-sex peers but not when they played in parallel in mixed-sex groups. Males but not females were found to be sex-typed in activity preferences in mixed-sex social interaction. These findings suggest that, at least for females, gender concepts may have an organizing role in sex-role development by motivating children to seek social contexts in which to acquire and practice sex-appropriate behaviors.(20 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)