Species-specific effects of thermal stress on the expression of genetic variation across a diverse group of plant and animal taxa under experimental conditions
Species-specific effects of thermal stress on the expression of genetic variation across a diverse group of plant and animal taxa under experimental conditions
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DOI：
10.1038/s41437-020-0338-4
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发表时间：
2020-07-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gienapp, Phillip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer, Klaus;Kreyling, Juergen;Gienapp, Phillip
评估种群和物种的遗传适应潜力对于更好地理解进化过程至关重要。然而，遗传变异的表达可能取决于环境条件，这可能会加速或减缓进化反应。因此，相同的选择压力可能导致不同的反应。在此背景下，我们在这里调查的影响，热应力对遗传变异，主要是在受控的实验室条件下。我们估计了良性控制和应激热条件下的加性遗传方差（V-A）、狭义遗传力（h（2））和遗传变异系数（CVA）。我们包括六个物种跨越不同范围的植物和动物类群，共25个形态和生活史特征。我们的研究结果表明：（1）热胁迫降低了适合度分量，（2）大多数性状表现出显著的遗传变异，（3）热胁迫影响遗传变异（V-A，h（2）或CV（A））的表达，只有三分之一的情况下（25 75分析，主要是在一个克隆物种）。此外，影响是高度物种特异性的，与遗传变异增加11和减少14例压力下。因此，我们的研究结果表明，在实验室条件下，热应力一般不会影响遗传变异的表达，但在特定情况下，增加或减少遗传变异。因此，预测遗传适应的速度可能不会因环境变化而变得复杂，但需要仔细逐案考虑。
Assessing the genetic adaptive potential of populations and species is essential for better understanding evolutionary processes. However, the expression of genetic variation may depend on environmental conditions, which may speed up or slow down evolutionary responses. Thus, the same selection pressure may lead to different responses. Against this background, we here investigate the effects of thermal stress on genetic variation, mainly under controlled laboratory conditions. We estimated additive genetic variance (V-A), narrow-sense heritability (h(2)) and the coefficient of genetic variation (CVA) under both benign control and stressful thermal conditions. We included six species spanning a diverse range of plant and animal taxa, and a total of 25 morphological and life-history traits. Our results show that (1) thermal stress reduced fitness components, (2) the majority of traits showed significant genetic variation and that (3) thermal stress affected the expression of genetic variation (V-A,h(2)orCV(A)) in only one-third of the cases (25 of 75 analyses, mostly in one clonal species). Moreover, the effects were highly species-specific, with genetic variation increasing in 11 and decreasing in 14 cases under stress. Our results hence indicate that thermal stress does not generally affect the expression of genetic variation under laboratory conditions but, nevertheless, increases or decreases genetic variation in specific cases. Consequently, predicting the rate of genetic adaptation might not be generally complicated by environmental variation, but requires a careful case-by-case consideration.