Psychiatric disorder and the broad autism phenotype: evidence from a family study of multiple-incidence autism families.
Psychiatric disorder and the broad autism phenotype: evidence from a family study of multiple-incidence autism families.
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精神疾病和广泛的自闭症表型：来自多发自闭症家庭的家庭研究的证据。
DOI：
10.1176/ajp.156.4.557
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Palmer,P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piven,J;Palmer,P
目的多项研究表明，通过单个自闭症先证者确诊的某些I型轴精神障碍的家族聚集性。在这项研究中，作者调查了来自多发性自闭症家系的非自闭症亲属的轴I精神障碍的发生率，以及这些障碍与广泛的自闭症表型的可能关系。方法采用半结构化和家族史访谈的方法，通过25个多发性自闭症先证者家族和30个唐氏综合症先证者家族，比较了父母、祖父母和阿姨叔叔的精神障碍发生率。通过半结构访谈和观察性评分直接评估选定的精神障碍和广泛的自闭症表型之间的可能联系，在两组父母中也进行了检验。结果自闭症先证者的父母严重抑郁障碍和社交恐惧症的发生率显著高于唐氏综合症S综合征先证者的父母。自闭症先证者父母抑郁发生率高与家族史祖父母、阿姨、叔叔抑郁、焦虑发生率高是一致的。在个体内部，没有证据表明抑郁或社交恐惧症与广泛的自闭症表型之间存在关联。结论自闭症患者的亲属有较高的严重抑郁症和社交恐惧症的发生率，这些与广泛的自闭症表型无关，也不能用抚养自闭症儿童所带来的压力增加来解释。可供选择的机制和这些发现的科学和临床意义进行了讨论。
OBJECTIVESeveral studies have shown familial aggregation of some axis I psychiatric disorders in families ascertained through a single autistic proband. In this study the authors examined the rate of axis I psychiatric disorders in nonautistic relatives from multiple-incidence autism families and the possible relationship of these disorders to the broad autism phenotype.METHODThe rates of axis I psychiatric disorders, assessed by using semistructured and family history interviews, were compared in parents, grandparents, and aunts and uncles ascertained through 25 families of multiple-incidence autism probands and 30 families of probands with Down’s syndrome. The possible association between selected psychiatric disorders and the broad autism phenotype, assessed directly through semistructured interviews and observational rating measures, was also examined in the two groups of parents.RESULTSThe parents of the autistic probands had significantly higher rates of major depressive disorder and social phobia than the parents of the Down"s syndrome probands. The high rate of depression in the parents of the autistic probands was consistent with the high rates of depression and anxiety detected in the grandparents and aunts and uncles in the autism families by family history. There was no evidence of an association, within individuals, between either depression or social phobia and the broad autism phenotype.CONCLUSIONSRelatives of autistic individuals have high rates of major depression and social phobia that are not associated with the broad autism phenotype and cannot be explained by the increased stress associated with raising an autistic child. Alternative mechanisms and the scientific and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.