Nature on the Move: The Value and Circulation of Liquid Nature and the Emergence of Fictitious Conservation
Nature on the Move: The Value and Circulation of Liquid Nature and the Emergence of Fictitious Conservation
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流动的自然：液态自然的价值和循环以及虚拟保护的出现
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Büscher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Büscher
大量的文献研究了自然受到“资本的无休止积累”的影响和改变的许多方式。很少有人关注资本如何越来越多地从非采掘性或非改造性利用自然中获利。虽然被认为是重要的，但将保护作为一项资本主义项目的理论化才刚刚开始。本文通过假设通过资本主义保护创造的商品构成了一种完全不同类型的（建设）资本，定义为“过程中的价值”，对（新或后）马克思主义理论和保护具有潜在的根本影响，从而为这一项目做出了贡献。其理论意义涉及当代资本主义中流通与生产的关系，以及价值创造的重点如何从后者转向前者。然而，这并不意味着生产变得不那么重要。相反，当生产和流通的商品是“流动性”时，它在价值创造中的作用发生了巨大变化。反过来，本文认为，“价值”生产的这种变化，以及达到“流动性”所需的资本流通速度，导致了“虚拟保护”。
A rich body of literature investigates the many ways in which nature is impacted upon and transformed by the ‘endless accumulation of capital’. Much less attention has been reserved for understanding how capital increasingly aims to profit from the non-extractive or non-transformative use of nature. While recognized as important, the theorization of conservation as a capitalist project has only just commenced in earnest. The paper contributes to this project by positing that the commodities created through capitalist conservation constitute a radically different type of (constructing) capital, defined as ‘value in process’, with potentially fundamental implications for (neo or post) Marxist theory and conservation. The theoretical implications concern the relations between circulation and production in contemporary capitalism and how the emphasis in the creation of value is shifting from the latter to the former. This, however, does not mean that production becomes less important. Rather, its role in value creation changes dramatically when the commodity to be produced and circulated is ‘liquid nature’. In turn, the paper argues that this change in the production of ‘value’ together with the present velocity of circulation of capital that is needed to come to ‘liquid nature’ results in ‘fictitious conservation’.