Climate change adaptation and cross-sectoral policy coherence in southern Africa
Climate change adaptation and cross-sectoral policy coherence in southern Africa
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南部非洲的气候变化适应和跨部门政策一致性
DOI：
10.1007/s10113-018-1283-0
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Afionis, Stavros
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
England, Matthew I.;Dougill, Andrew J.;Afionis, Stavros
为了取得成效，气候变化适应需要在多个部门纳入主流，而且必须加强政策的一致性。本文以马拉维、坦桑尼亚和赞比亚为例，调查了水和农业部门的国家政策以及国家发展计划中概述的气候变化适应目标的一致性程度。采用了双管齐下的定性方法，对相关政策和计划进行定性文件分析，并与每个国家的非政府行为者进行专家访谈。调查结果表明，部门政策在适应气候变化方面的一致性程度不同，目前赞比亚最强，坦桑尼亚最弱。我们还发现，在处理水灾和旱灾等短期灾害管理问题方面，部门政策比长期气候适应战略更加协调一致。如果气候政策和战略是最近制定的，则部门政策和战略与气候政策和战略之间的一致性最强。然而，迄今为止，这主要是通过将现有的部门政策声明重新包装成外部顾问为满足国际报告需要而起草的气候政策而实现的，而不是通过在国家部门规划进程之间建立新的联系。为了更有效地将气候变化适应纳入主流，各国政府需要通过跨部委结构，例如通过赞比亚临时气候变化秘书处发起的跨部委结构，积极接受长期跨部门规划，以促进更大的政策一致性和综合适应规划。
To be effective, climate change adaptation needs to be mainstreamed across multiple sectors and greater policy coherence is essential. Using the cases of Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia, this paper investigates the extent of coherence in national policies across the water and agriculture sectors and to climate change adaptation goals outlined in national development plans. A two-pronged qualitative approach is applied using Qualitative Document Analysis of relevant policies and plans, combined with expert interviews from non-government actors in each country. Findings show that sector policies have differing degrees of coherence on climate change adaptation, currently being strongest in Zambia and weakest in Tanzania. We also identify that sectoral policies remain more coherent in addressing immediate-term disaster management issues of floods and droughts rather than longer-term strategies for climate adaptation. Coherence between sector and climate policies and strategies is strongest when the latter has been more recently developed. However to date, this has largely been achieved by repackaging of existing sectoral policy statements into climate policies drafted by external consultants to meet international reporting needs and not by the establishment of new connections between national sectoral planning processes. For more effective mainstreaming of climate change adaptation, governments need to actively embrace longer-term cross-sectoral planning through cross-Ministerial structures, such as initiated through Zambia's Interim Climate Change Secretariat, to foster greater policy coherence and integrated adaptation planning.