Psychopathy and dual-task performance under focusing conditions.
Psychopathy and dual-task performance under focusing conditions.
复制标题
注意力集中条件下的精神病和双重任务表现。
DOI：
10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.391
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kosson,DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kosson,DS
30名精神病患者和30名非精神病右撇子白色男性囚犯（通过RD Hare，1985 b，精神病检查表选择）在专注于视觉（即，主要）任务的条件下完成并发视觉和听觉任务。性能指标测试3个相关的假设，认知缺陷的精神病患者：减少注意次要任务，因为过度关注直接目标（干扰），注意力转移不足，减少注意广度。在初级和次级任务的准确性的差异的情况下矛盾的干扰假说。然而，一个倾向于赤字的心理变态的人用右手回应的主要任务目标出现在其他目标之后，这表明当左半球的资源被占用时，注意力转移较差。精神病患者对目标后的干扰物也反应过度，这表明他们对二维刺激的外围维度的注意力减少。
Thirty psychopathic and 30 nonpsychopathic right-handed White male inmates (selected through RD Hare's, 1985b, Psychopathy Checklist) completed concurrent visual and auditory tasks under conditions focusing attention on the visual (ie, primary) task. Performance indices tested 3 related hypotheses for cognitive deficits in psychopathic individuals: reduced attention to secondary tasks because of excess attention to immediate goals (interference), deficient shifts of attention, and reduced breadth of attention. The absence of differences in primary and secondary task accuracy contradicts the interference hypothesis. However, a trend toward deficits for psychopathic individuals responding with the right hand to primary task targets appearing after other targets, suggests poorer shifting of attention when left-hemisphere resources are engaged. Psychopathic individuals also overresponded to distractors following targets suggesting reduced attention to a peripheral dimension of two-dimensional stimuli.