Why They Leave: Understanding Student Attrition from Engineering Majors
Why They Leave: Understanding Student Attrition from Engineering Majors
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他们为何离开：了解工程专业的学生流失
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. R. Raman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brandi N. Geisinger;D. R. Raman
尽管努力提高留校率，大量学生在毕业前离开工程专业。为了提高工程专业的入学率，必须确定学生离开工程专业的原因。在本文中，我们回顾了有关工程专业人员流失的文献，以确定导致学生决定离开的因素的广度。本文献综述的第一部分包括了50项关于工程专业学生流失的研究。在研究的后半部分，研究人员对另外25项研究进行了考察，这些研究的重点是提高学生保留率的方法。通过研究流失文献，我们确定了促使学生离开工程专业的六大因素：课堂和学术氛围、成绩和概念理解、自我效能和自信、高中准备、兴趣和职业目标、种族和性别。留存率研究的证据表明，提高留存率的成功努力取决于这些因素中的一个或多个。文献中一个明显的差距是经济学：与失去学生相关的成本，以及与实施保留策略相关的成本，几乎没有被提及。
A large number of students leave engineering majors prior to graduation despite efforts to increase retention rates. To improveretention rates in engineering programs, the reasons why students leave engineering must be determined. In this paper, we reviewthe literature on attrition from engineering programs to identify the breadth of factors that contribute to students’ decisions toleave. Fifty studies on student attrition from engineering programs were included in the primary part of this literature review. Inthe second half of the work, an additional twenty-five studies that focused on methods of increasing student retention, wereexamined. Six broad factors driving students to leave engineering were identified by examining the attrition literature: classroomand academic climate, grades and conceptual understanding, self-efficacy and self-confidence, high school preparation, interest andcareer goals, and race and gender. Evidence from the retention studies suggests that successful efforts to increase retention act onone or more of these factors. A clear gap in the literature is that of economics: the costs associated with losing students, and thecosts associated with implementing retention strategies, are virtually unmentioned.