Learning the mapping from surface to underlying representations in an artificial language
Learning the mapping from surface to underlying representations in an artificial language
复制标题
用人工语言学习从表面到底层表示的映射
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Emmanuel Dupoux
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Peperkamp;Emmanuel Dupoux
当婴儿习得母语时，他们不仅提取语言特定的片段类别和语言单词，还学习这些单词的基本形式。这很困难，因为根据语音上下文，单词可以有多种语音实现。在一系列具有短语-图片匹配任务的人工语言学习实验中，我们考虑了词义和分布信息对于在存在同位异音规则的情况下获取底层表示的各自贡献。我们表明，在语义信息的基础上，法国成年人可以学习将浊音和清音塞音或摩擦音映射到相同的底层音素上，而在他们的母语中，浊音在所有障碍中都是音素的。不过，他们并没有将这些知识扩展到新的塞音或摩擦音。仅在存在分布线索的情况下，学习会大大减少并且仅限于受试者接受训练的单词。我们还测试了语音自然性是否在这种类型的学习中发挥作用，并发现如果存在语义信息，法国成年人可以学习将不同的片段映射到单个基础音素上，即使映射非常不自然。我们根据当前语言习得的统计学习方法讨论我们的发现。
When infants acquire their native language they not only extract languagespecific segmental categories and the words of their language, they also learn the underlying form of these words. This is difficult because words can have multiple phonetic realizations, according to the phonological context. In a series of artificial language-learning experiments with a phrase-picture matching task, we consider the respective contributions of word meaning and distributional information for the acquisition of underlying representations in the presence of an allophonic rule. We show that on the basis of semantic information, French adults can learn to map voiced and voiceless stops or fricatives onto the same underlying phonemes, whereas in their native language voicing is phonemic in all obstruents. They do not extend this knowledge to novel stops or fricatives, though. In the presence of distributional cues only, learning is much reduced and limited to the words subjects are trained on. We also test if phonological naturalness plays a role in this type of learning, and find that if semantic information is present, French adults can learn to map different segments onto a single underlying phoneme even if the mappings are highly unnatural. We discuss our findings in light of current statistical learning approaches to language acquisition.
DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.20.2.421
发表时间：
1994-04-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
POLKA, L;WERKER, JF
通讯作者：
WERKER, JF
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
KUHL, PK;WILLIAMS, KA;LINDBLOM, B
通讯作者：
LINDBLOM, B
影响因子：
4
作者：
Saffran, JR;Thiessen, ED
通讯作者：
Thiessen, ED