Timing of induced volatile emissions in maize seedlings
Timing of induced volatile emissions in maize seedlings
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DOI：
10.1007/s004250050466
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Wechsler, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turlings, TCJ;Lengwiler, UB;Wechsler, D
玉米（Zea mays L.）释放特定的挥发物来回应毛虫的食草性。这些挥发物被认为是寄生黄蜂定位食草动物的线索。本研究测量了品种“Ioana Sweet Corn”和“LG 11”幼苗模拟食草动物（机械损伤和毛毛虫返流处理）后挥发物排放的准确时间。每0.5小时收集气味，总共12小时。典型的“绿色叶气味”，（Z）-3-己烯醛、（E）-2-己烯醛、（Z）-己烯-1-醇和（Z）-3-己烯-1-基乙酸酯在损害后立即散发，并且在第一次收集后它们的量迅速下降。几种诱导化合物在处理后2 h内释放，而其他化合物（主要是倍半萜类化合物）在4 h后开始释放。LG 11幼苗释放出几种在Ioana中未检测到的化合物（例如β-月桂烯、（Z）-β-罗勒烯、乙酸苄酯、β-香芹烯、（E，E）-α-法呢烯）。（E，E）-α-法呢烯由LG 11幼苗持续释放，甚至由未受损的植物也是如此。这两个品种共同的挥发性化合物的释放时间没有显着差异，除了吲哚的峰值生产是相当早的LG 11。这些研究结果进行了讨论的背景下，植物挥发性物质的诱导排放和开发所产生的气味的寄生虫和捕食者的草食动物的生物合成途径和机制。
Maize (Zea mays L.) releases specific volatiles in response to herbivory by caterpillars. These volatiles are known to serve as cues for parasitic wasps to locate the herbivores. In the present study the exact time of volatile emission after simulated herbivory (mechanical damage and treatment with caterpillar regurgitant) was measured for seedlings of the cultivars "Ioana Sweet Corn" and "LG11". Odours were collected every 0.5 h for a total of 12 h. Typical "green leaf odours", (Z)-3-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-hexen-1-ol, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, were emitted immediately upon damage and their amounts dropped rapidly after the first collections. Several of the induced compounds were released within 2 h after treatment, while others (mainly sesquiterpenoids) started to be released after 4 h. The LG11 seedlings emitted several compounds (e.g. beta-myrcene, (Z)-beta-ocimene, benzyl acetate, beta-caryophyllene, (E,E)-alpha-farnesene) that were not detected for Ioana. (E, E)-alpha-farnesene was continuously emitted by LG11 seedlings, even by undamaged plants. Timing of the release of volatile compounds that the two varieties had in common did not differ significantly, with the exception of indole for which the peak production was considerably earlier for LG11. These findings are discussed in the context of biosynthetic pathways and mechanisms involved in induced emissions of plant volatiles and the exploitation of the resulting odour by parasitoids and predators of herbivores.