Children's Judgments of Their Own and Their Peers' Academic Competence.
Children's Judgments of Their Own and Their Peers' Academic Competence.
复制标题
孩子们对自己和同龄人学术能力的判断。
DOI：
10.1037/0022-0663.76.1.75
复制
发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Lupita M. Tannatt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Stipek;Lupita M. Tannatt
采用标准化的开放式访谈研究了96名4-8岁儿童如何评价自己和同学的能力。学生们被要求解释他们如何知道班上谁是最好的，谁是最差的，谁是最好的，谁是最差的思考者。SS还对自己和他们的同学的聪明程度进行了评级，并解释了他们的评级。对回答的内容分析表明，年轻的学生，特别是男性，在他们的能力判断中比年长的学生更有可能提到社交能力；他们不太可能根据社会比较或任务的难度水平做出判断。所有年龄段的学生都经常用努力或工作习惯来解释能力判断，尽管学龄前学生往往比年长的学生更少提到工作习惯。学生对自身能力的评价随着年级的升高而下降，同伴的评价低于自我评价，且不随年级的变化而变化。从幼儿园到三年级的SS自我能力评分和他们对同学的评分与相对学术地位的教师评分显著相关。(参考文献19)(心理信息数据库记录(C)2016 APA，版权所有)
A standardized open-ended interview was used to study how 96 4–8 yr old children judged their own and their classmates' abilities. Ss were asked to explain how they knew who in their class was best and who was worst at various tasks and who was the best and who was the worst thinker. Ss also rated themselves and their classmates on how smart each was and explained their ratings. Content analyses of responses revealed that younger Ss, particularly males, were more likely than older Ss to refer to sociability in their ability judgments; they were less likely to base their judgments on social comparisons or on the difficulty level of the task. Ss at all age levels frequently explained ability judgments in terms of effort or work habits, although work habits tended to be referred to less by preschool-age Ss than by older Ss. Ss' ratings of their own ability declined with grade; ratings for peers were lower than self-ratings and did not change as a function of grade level. Self-ability ratings of Ss in kindergarten through the 3rd grade and their ratings of classmates were significantly correlated to teacher ratings of relative academic standing.(19 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)