THE ORIGIN AND USE OF POSITIONAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE IN MOTOR CONTROL
THE ORIGIN AND USE OF POSITIONAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE IN MOTOR CONTROL
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DOI：
10.1017/s0140525x0004070x
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
29.3
通讯作者：
LEVIN, MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FELDMAN, AG;LEVIN, MF
描述了一种关于感觉运动整合的假设(Lambda模型)，并将其应用于运动控制和运动感觉。其核心思想是神经系统组织感觉运动装置的位置参照系，并通过根据空间坐标移动这些参照系来产生积极的运动。运动学和肌电模式不是编程的，而是从系统组件之间的动态相互作用中产生的，包括指定参照系内的外力。运动神经元的阈值特性和运动神经元的本体感觉输入可能是产生位置参照系的生理机制的基本组成部分。通过变换参照系产生有意运动的假设扩展到多肌肉和多自由度系统，解决了冗余问题，允许单独或与其他关节结合控制关节，以产生任何所需的肢体配置和运动轨迹。该模型还暗示，对于每种运动行为，神经系统使用一种策略，使可变控制变量的数量最小化，并保持这些变化的参数不变。提供了由建议的控制变量模式产生的单关节和多关节手臂运动的模拟运动学和肌电信号的例子。提供了经验支持，并建议对模型进行进一步的检验。根据运动神经元活动、肌力、刚度和运动运动学的编程思想，将该模型与其他模型进行了对比。
A hypothesis about sensorimotor integration (the lambda model) is described and applied to movement control and kinesthesia. The central idea is that the nervous system organizes positional frames of reference for the sensorimotor apparatus and produces active movements by shifting the frames in terms of spatial coordinates. Kinematic and electromyographic patterns are not programmed, but emerge from the dynamic interaction among the system's components, including external forces within the designated frame of reference. Motoneuronal threshold properties and proprioceptive inputs to motoneurons may be cardinal components of the physiological mechanism that produces positional frames of reference. The hypothesis that intentional movements are produced by shifting the frame of reference is extended to multi-muscle and multi-degrees-of-freedom systems with a solution of the redundancy problem that allows the control of a joint alone or in combination with other joints to produce any desired limb configuration and movement trajectory. The model also implies that for each motor behavior, the nervous system uses a strategy that minimizes the number of changeable control variables and keeps the parameters of these changes invariant. Examples are provided of simulated kinematic and electromyographic signals from single- and multi-joint arm movements produced by suggested patterns of control variables. Empirical support is provided and additional tests of the model are suggested. The model is contrasted with others based on the ideas of programming of motoneuronal activity, muscle forces, stiffness, and movement kinematics.