Dietary Bitter Melon Seed Increases Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue, Down-Regulates the Nuclear Factor-κB Expression, and Alleviates the Symptoms Associated with Metabolic Syndrome
Dietary Bitter Melon Seed Increases Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue, Down-Regulates the Nuclear Factor-κB Expression, and Alleviates the Symptoms Associated with Metabolic Syndrome
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DOI：
10.1089/jmf.2010.0010
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Devareddy, Latha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gadang, Vidya;Gilbert, William;Devareddy, Latha
本研究的目的是检查苦瓜籽（BMS）减轻代谢综合征相关症状的程度，并阐明BMS发挥有益作用的机制。将三个月大的雌性Zucker大鼠分配到以下组：瘦对照（L-Ctrl）、肥胖对照（O-Ctrl）和肥胖BMS（O-BMS）。对照组饲喂AIN-93 M纯化的啮齿动物饮食，O-BMS组饲喂改良为含有3.0%（wt/wt）研磨BMS的AIN-93 M饮食100天。治疗100天后，与O-Ctrl组相比，在肥胖大鼠中补充BMS使血清总胆固醇降低了38%，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低了约52%，并增加了血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与总胆固醇的比率。与O-Ctrl组相比，O-BMS组中总肝脏脂质的百分比低约32%，血清甘油三酯水平高71%。血清葡萄糖水平显著降低，部分原因是基于BMS的饮食组中血清胰岛素水平升高。补充BMS显著增加肥胖大鼠白色脂肪组织中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ（PPAR-gamma）的表达（P <0.05），并下调肥胖大鼠心脏组织中PPAR-gamma、核因子-κ B（NF-kappa B）和干扰素-g mRNA的表达。这项研究的结果表明，BMS通过调节PPAR-gamma基因表达来改善血清和肝脏脂质谱以及血清葡萄糖水平。据我们所知，这项研究首次表明BMS通过下调NF-κ B炎症通路发挥心脏保护作用。
The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which bitter melon seed (BMS) alleviates the symptoms associated with metabolic syndrome and elucidate the mechanism by which BMS exerts beneficial effects. Three-month-old female Zucker rats were assigned to following groups: lean control (L-Ctrl), obese control (O-Ctrl), and obese BMS (O-BMS). The control groups were fed AIN-93M purified rodent diet, and the O-BMS group was fed AIN-93M diet modified to contain 3.0% (wt/wt) ground BMS for 100 days. After 100 days of treatment, BMS supplementation in the obese rats lowered the total serum cholesterol by 38% and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels by about 52% and increased the ratio of serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol to total cholesterol compared to the O-Ctrl group. The percentage of total liver lipids was about 32% lower and serum triglyceride levels were 71% higher in the O-BMS group compared to the O-Ctrl group. Serum glucose levels were significantly lowered partly because of the increase in the serum insulin levels in the BMS-based diet groups. BMS supplementation increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) in the white adipose tissue of the obese rats significantly (P < .05) and down-regulated the expression of PPAR-gamma, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), and interferon-g mRNA in heart tissue of the obese rats. The findings of this study suggest that BMS improves the serum and liver lipid profiles and serum glucose levels by modulating PPAR-gamma gene expression. To our knowledge, this study for the first time shows that BMS exerts cardioprotective effects by down-regulating the NF-kappa B inflammatory pathway.