Unearthing the phylogenetic roots of sleep.

Unearthing the phylogenetic roots of sleep.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2008.06.033
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发表时间:
2008-08-05
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Siegel, Jerome M.
Siegel, Jerome M.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Allada, Ravi;Siegel, Jerome M.

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我们为什么要睡觉,一直是生物学中未解之谜之一。从本质上讲,睡眠可以被定义为一种减少运动和感觉反应的动态调节状态。包括人类在内的陆生哺乳动物睡眠研究的基石一直是使用脑电图(EEG)测量睡眠期间大脑活动的协调变化。然而,在各种各样的动物中,这些脑电图睡眠特征差异很大,在某些情况下,这些特征是不存在的,这就提出了一个问题,即它们是否定义了睡眠的普遍特征,甚至是基本特征。在过去的十年里,行为定义的睡眠状态已经在一系列遗传模式生物中被发现,包括鱼、苍蝇和蠕虫。这些系统的遗传分析揭示了控制睡眠行为的潜在机制的显著保守性。综上所述,这些研究表明睡眠有一个古老的起源,并提高了模式生物遗传学可能揭示指导睡眠和觉醒的分子机制的可能性。
Why we sleep remains one of the enduring unanswered questions in biology. At its core, sleep can be defined behaviorally as a homeostatically regulated state of reduced movement and sensory responsiveness. The cornerstone of sleep studies in terrestrial mammals, including humans, has been the measurement of coordinated changes in brain activity during sleep measured using the electroencephalogram (EEG). Yet among a diverse set of animals, these EEG sleep traits can vary widely and, in some cases, are absent, raising questions as to whether they define a universal, or even essential, feature of sleep. Over the past decade, behaviorally defined sleep-like states have been identified in a series of genetic model organisms, including fish, flies and worms. Genetic analyses in these systems are revealing a remarkable conservation in the underlying mechanisms controlling sleep behavior. Taken together, these studies suggest an ancient origin for sleep and raise the possibility that model organism genetics may reveal the molecular mechanisms that guide sleep and wake.
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