MICROBIAL DIGESTION OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES IN MAN
MICROBIAL DIGESTION OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES IN MAN
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DOI：
10.1079/pns19840025
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
CUMMINGS, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CUMMINGS, JH
无花果。I.主要细胞壁多糖纤维素(Cell.)的摄入量(消化量(0)加上粪便排泄量(B))在三组健康的人类志愿者中，在控制条件下给予典型的英国饮食(对照组)，然后在相同的饮食中添加麸皮、伊帕格拉或果胶。摘自*索斯盖特等人(1976年)，t Prynne和索斯盖特(1979)，t Cummings et af(1979)。遗骸。无花果。我展示了最近对健康成年人群体的三项研究的结果，在这些研究中，使用索斯盖特(1976)的技术测量了这些聚合物的膳食纤维素和NCP的摄入量和粪便排泄量。对照日粮(典型的英国混合日粮)的纤维素和NCP都被广泛降解。添加的麸皮中的细胞壁多糖被部分降解，而意大利面条中的细胞壁多糖基本上被降解，果胶完全被降解。其他人已经注意到了麸皮对消化的相对抵抗力(Heller等人。1980年；Stephen&Cummings，1980~)。在人类饮食研究中，它的消化率很差，这是可发酵多糖分解过程中出现的广泛变异性的一个例子。在反刍动物营养中，这种变异性具有重要的生理和经济意义，但在人类中，它几乎没有受到关注。这些多糖的许多化学和物理特性可能会影响它们的分解，例如，细胞壁聚合物的木质化程度(麸皮细胞壁是人类食物中木质化程度最高的之一)，它们的水溶性(通常水溶性多糖，如果胶，很容易被消化)，相关的二氧化硅和角质层物质(被认为可以抑制瘤胃分解)，颗粒大小(颗粒越细，越容易消化)，分子结构，摄入量，食物加工(例如加热和干燥)，以及可能的既往饮食。影响分解的宿主因素将包括肠道微生物群的类型和转运时间(见综述，Cummings 1982)。Https://doi.Org/10.1079/PNS19840025，剑桥大学出版社在线出版
Fig. I. Dietary intake (amount digested (0) plus faecal excretion (B)) of the principal cell-wall polysaccharides, cellulose (Cell.) and non-cellulosic polysaccharides (NCP), in three groups of healthy human volunteers given typical UK diets under controlled conditions (Control) and then the same diet with the addition of either bran, ispaghula or pectin. From* Southgate et af.(I 976), tPrynne & Southgate (1979), tCummings et af.(1979). remains. Fig. I shows the results of three recent studies of groups of healthy adults in which dietary cellulose and NCP intakes and faecal excretion of these polymers have been measured using the techniques of Southgate (1976). Both the cellulose and NCP from the control diets (which were typical mixed UK diets) are extensively degraded. The cell-wall polysaccharides in added bran are partly degraded, in ispaghula substantially and the pectin completely so. The relative resistance of bran to digestion has been noted by others (Heller et al. 1980; Stephen & Cummings, 1980~). Its poor digestibility in human dietary studies is one example of the wide variability that occurs in fermentable polysaccharide breakdown. In ruminant nutrition this variability has important physiological, and economic, implications but in man it has received little attention. A number of chemical and physical characteristics of these polysaccharides may influence their breakdown including, for example, the extent of lignification of the cell-wall polymers (bran cell-walls being one of the most lignified of human foods), their water solubility (generally water-soluble polysaccharides such as pectin are highly digestible), associated silica and cuticular substances (which are thought to inhibit breakdown in the rumen), particle size (the finer the particle the more readily digestible), molecular structure, the level of intake, food processing (for example, heating and drying) and possibly previous diet. Host factors affecting breakdown will include the type of gut microflora and transit time (see review, Cummings 1982). https://doi. org/10.1079/PNS19840025 Published online by Cambridge University Press