Parasites in space and time: a novel method to assess and illustrate host-searching behaviour of trematode cercariae
Parasites in space and time: a novel method to assess and illustrate host-searching behaviour of trematode cercariae
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DOI：
10.1017/s0031182018000288
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
C. Selbach;R. Poulin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Selbach;R. Poulin
摘要从一个宿主到另一个宿主的传播是寄生虫的一个具有挑战性的障碍，也是其适应性的关键决定因素。由于其复杂的生活史，涉及几个不同的主机，自由生活的传播阶段（尾蚴）的双殖吸虫表现出巨大的多样性，在形态和行为。在一个更精细的尺度上，我们仍然有一个非常有限的了解间和种内变异的传播策略，许多吸虫物种。在这里，我们提出了一种新的方法来研究四种新西兰吸虫（Coitocaecum parvum，Maritrema poulini，Apatemon sp.和Aporocotylid sp. I）的尾蚴的运动模式。通过自动视频跟踪这种方法可以量化参数，否则无法测量，并清楚地说明了寄生虫的个人策略，以寻找各自的目标主机。寻找逃避鱼类目标宿主的尾蚴表现出更高的游泳速度（加速度和速度）和更远的距离，与寻找高密度甲壳类宿主的物种相比。自动视频跟踪提供了一个强大的工具，这样的详细分析寄生虫的主机搜索策略，并可以提高我们的理解复杂的主机-寄生虫相互作用，从寄生虫群落结构的潜在疾病的传播。
Abstract The transmission from one host to another constitutes a challenging obstacle for parasites and is a key determinant of their fitness. Due to their complex life histories involving several different hosts, the free-living dispersal stages (cercariae) of digenean trematodes show a huge diversity in morphology and behaviour. On a finer scale, we still have an extremely limited understanding of the inter- and intraspecific variation in transmission strategies of many trematode species. Here, we present a novel method to study the movement patterns of cercariae of four New Zealand trematode species (Coitocaecum parvum, Maritrema poulini, Apatemon sp. and Aporocotylid sp. I.) via automated video tracking. This approach allows to quantify parameters otherwise not measurable and clearly illustrates the individual strategies of parasites to search for their respective target hosts. Cercariae that seek out an evasive fish target hosts showed higher swimming speeds (acceleration and velocity) and travelled further distances, compared with species searching for high-density crustacean hosts. Automated video tracking provides a powerful tool for such detailed analyses of parasites’ host-searching strategies and can enhance our understanding of complex host–parasite interactions, ranging from parasite community structure to the transmission of potential disease agents.