Metal and metalloid levels and bio-accumulation characteristics in soil, sediment, land plants and hippopotami (Hippopotamus amphibius L) from the South Luangwa National Park, Zambia
Metal and metalloid levels and bio-accumulation characteristics in soil, sediment, land plants and hippopotami (Hippopotamus amphibius L) from the South Luangwa National Park, Zambia
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赞比亚南卢安瓜国家公园土壤、沉积物、陆地植物和河马 (Hippopotamus amphibius L) 中的金属和类金属水平以及生物富集特征
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.04.003
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
中山翔太
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
中野伸彦;ほか;竹門康弘;市岡孝朗;中山翔太
河马（Hippopotamus amphibius L）是大型半水生哺乳动物，可暴露于来自陆地和水生环境的金属和类金属。因此，从生态毒理学的角度来看，在生活在国家公园的波塔米的金属和类金属积累特性的知识是重要的。赞比亚南卢安瓜国家公园中的鱼肝脏中有毒金属（镉、铅和汞）和类金属（砷）的含量远低于牛的毒性水平的既定值。没有时间变化的金属水平在potami观察，可能是因为良好的管理条件和缺乏周围的国家公园的人为活动。然而，与土壤、沉积物及其食物（植物）相比，鱼肝脏中积累的汞浓度明显更高，这很可能是由于整个营养链中的生物放大过程。此外，河虾肝脏和陆生植物的Cd含量显著高于土壤。这些结果强烈表明，如果周围环境受到污染，鱼肝脏会积累更高水平的这些金属。与其他有毒金属相比，鱼肝脏中的Cr和Ni水平较高。由于这是第一份报告，以显示铬和镍的水平和生物富集特性的汞和镉在鱼，我们的结论是，这些金属的毒性效应应进行持续监测和评价。
Hippopotami (Hippopotamus amphibius L) are large semi-aquatic mammals that can be exposed to metals and metalloid from both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Therefore, knowledge of metal and metalloid accumulation characteristics in hippopotami living in the national park is important from ecotoxicological point of view. Levels of toxic metals (Cd, Pb and Hg) and metalloid (As) in hippopotami liver from the South Luangwa National Park in Zambia were far lower compared to the established values of toxic levels in cattle. No temporal variations of metal levels in hippopotami were observed, probably because of good management condition and the lack of anthropogenic activities around the national park. However, hippopotami liver accumulated significantly higher concentrations of Hg compared to soil, sediment and their food (plants), most likely due to a process of biomagnification throughout a trophic chain. Moreover, hippopotami liver and land plants showed significantly higher Cd levels than those of soil. These results strongly suggest that hippopotami liver accumulate higher levels of these metals if surrounding environment is contaminated. Levels of Cr and Ni in hippopotami liver were higher compared to other toxic metals. Since this is the first report to show the Cr and Ni levels and bio-accumulation characteristics of Hg and Cd in hippopotami, we concluded that continuous monitoring and evaluation of toxic effects of these metals on hippopotami should be conducted.