REDD+ on the ground: A case book of subnational initiatives across the globe
REDD+ on the ground: A case book of subnational initiatives across the globe
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REDD 实地实践：全球地方举措案例手册
DOI：
10.17528/cifor/005202
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
R. B. Caramez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Sills;S. Atmadja;C. D. Sassi;A. Duchelle;D. Kweka;Ida Aju Pradnja;W. Sunderlin;I. Resosudarmo;E. Mattsson;A. Angelsen;C. D. Pratama;A. Bos;V. Avitabile;D. Mello;M. Gebara;S. Wunder;R. B. Caramez
REDD+是缓解全球气候变化的主要近期选择之一。为了响应《巴厘岛行动计划》中的示范活动号召和自愿碳抵消信用额市场，在热带地区已经启动了300多项国家以下一级的REDD+倡议。本书介绍了六个不同国家的23项倡议，包括：不同的地理和社会经济背景-在三年或更长时间内实施的减少排放战略，他们的农业活动是大多数地点毁林的重要驱动因素，因此他们是这些倡议的关键利益攸关方，实施和监测REDD+早期对REDD+大量供资的预期鼓励支持组织测试各种减排战略，同时实现共同效益。只有一些国家选择了以减少森林砍伐或退化的行动为条件的直接付款战略，只有极少数国家出售了碳信用额，这表明REDD+实际上是新旧战略的混合体，面对巨大的挑战，支持者制定了一系列方法：获得财政支持;澄清森林保有权;跨尺度合作和行动;测量、报告和核实排放量;虽然国家以下各级的举措已经成功地进行了试点，并为REDD+提供了经验教训，但由于未能达成全球气候变化协议而产生的政治不确定性和资金限制，许多举措现在面临着要么结束要么转变为其他举措的选择。本书强调了这样一项协议的重要性，以及在没有协议的情况下，国家以下各级倡议在实地运作的创造性方式。导言1 REDD+的实地情况：科学证据的必要性第2部分。案例报告巴西2 Acre的国家环境服务激励系统（SISA），巴西3 Bolsa Floresta，巴西4 Cotriguacu Sempre Verde，巴西：自然资源的养护和可持续管理5巴西Jari/阿马帕REDD+项目6巴西圣菲利克斯-杜辛古的可持续景观试点方案7巴西亚马逊的可持续住区秘鲁8巴西REDD项目马德雷德迪奥斯的坚果特许权秘鲁9喀麦隆乌卡亚利七个土著社区管理森林的环境服务估值10喀麦隆山周围的REDD+坦桑尼亚西南部地区11坦桑尼亚南部和东部地区的生态系统服务社区付款12在Masito Ugalla生态系统试验区建立REDD准备，以支持坦桑尼亚的国家REDD战略13通过社区在桑给巴尔试点REDD森林管理，坦桑尼亚14使REDD为坦桑尼亚社区和森林保护服务15 Mpingo保护和发展倡议：在坦桑尼亚东南部结合REDD、PFM和FSC认证16半干旱地区可持续森林管理社区REDD机制试点项目：坦桑尼亚Shinyanga地区的Ngibalan案例印度尼西亚17加里曼丹森林和气候伙伴关系，加里曼丹中部，21 TNC在Berau森林碳方案内的倡议，东加里曼丹，22 Ulu Masen REDD+倡议，亚齐，越南越南23 Cat Loc景观-吉仙国家公园扶贫REDD+项目，越南第3部分。REDD+在实地：从当地情况看全球问题
REDD+ is one of the leading near-term options for global climate change mitigation. More than 300 subnational REDD+ initiatives have been launched across the tropics, responding to both the call for demonstration activities in the Bali Action Plan and the market for voluntary carbon offset credits.This book describes 23 initiatives in six different countries, including their:diverse biogeographic and socioeconomic contextsstrategies to reduce emissions over the three or more years that they have been in operationlocal populations of smallholders, whose agricultural activities are important drivers of deforestation in most sites and who are thus key stakeholders in these initiativesefforts to overcome or work around challenges in financing, implementing and monitoring REDD+Early expectations of significant funding for REDD+ encouraged proponent organizations to test a wide range of strategies to reduce emissions while also delivering co-benefits. Only some have chosen the strategy of direct payments conditional on actions to reduce deforestation or degradation, and only a very few have sold carbon credits, demonstrating how REDD+ on the ground is actually a mix of old and new strategies.Faced with enormous challenges, proponents have developed a menu of ways to: secure financial support; clarify forest tenure; cooperate and act across scales; measure, report and verify emissions; and respond to the imperative of safeguarding local livelihoods.While subnational initiatives have successfully piloted and generated lessons for REDD+, many now face the choice of either ending or transforming into something else, due to the political uncertainty and funding constraints stemming from the failure to reach a global climate change agreement. This book highlights both the critical importance of such an agreement and in its absence, the creative ways that subnational initiatives are operating on the ground.ContentsExecutive summaryPart 1. Introduction1 REDD+ on the ground: The need for scientific evidencePart 2. Case reportsBRAZIL2 Acre's State System of Incentives for Environmental Services (SISA), Brazil3 Bolsa Floresta, Brazil4 Cotriguacu Sempre Verde, Brazil: Conservation and sustainable management of natural resources5 Jari/Amapa REDD+ Project, Brazil6 Sustainable Landscapes Pilot Program in Sao Felix do Xingu, Brazil7 Sustainable Settlements in the Amazon, BrazilPERU8 The REDD Project in Brazil Nut Concessions in Madre de Dios, Peru9 Valuation of Environmental Services in the Managed Forests of Seven Indigenous Communities in Ucayali, PeruCAMEROON10 REDD+ around Mount Cameroon, southwest region of Cameroon11 Community Payments for Ecosystem Services in the south and east regions of CameroonTANZANIA12 Building REDD Readiness in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem Pilot Area in Support of Tanzania’s National REDD Strategy13 Piloting REDD in Zanzibar Through Community Forest Management, Tanzania14 Making REDD Work for Communities and Forest Conservation in Tanzania15 Mpingo Conservation and Development Initiative: Combining REDD, PFM and FSC certification in southeastern Tanzania16 Pilot project on Community-Based REDD Mechanisms for Sustainable Forest Management in Semiarid Areas: The Case of Ngitilis in the Shinyanga Region, TanzaniaINDONESIA17 Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia18 Katingan Peatland Restoration and Conservation Project, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia19 Ketapang Community Carbon Pools, West Kalimantan, Indonesia20 Rimba Raya Biodiversity Reserve Project, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia21 TNC's initiative within the Berau Forest Carbon Program, East Kalimantan, Indonesia22 Ulu Masen REDD+ initiative, Aceh, IndonesiaVIETNAM23 Cat Loc Landscape – Cat Tien National Park Pro-Poor REDD+ Project, VietnamPart 3. Synthesis24 REDD+ on the ground: Global insights from local contexts