Gender Conformity and Use of Laxatives and Muscle-Building Products in Adolescents and Young Adults
Gender Conformity and Use of Laxatives and Muscle-Building Products in Adolescents and Young Adults
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2015-4073
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Austin, S. Bryn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calzo, Jerel P.;Sonneville, Kendrin R.;Austin, S. Bryn
背景技术背景：使用泻药减肥和药物或补充剂，以建立肌肉（如类固醇）不同的性别和性取向;鲜为人知的是，这些差异的因素。符合性别规范有关appearance.METHODS的基础：本研究探讨了儿童期性别一致性和泻药和肌肉建设产品的使用，从13岁至25岁的样本中的13 683名男性和女性在美国的前瞻性成长今天的研究之间的关联。调整后的多变量logistic回归模型的重复测量估计的赔率去年泻药和肌肉建设产品的使用四分位数的更大的儿童期性别一致性在异性恋和性少数（如，双性恋，同性恋）participator.RESULTS：由年龄23岁，类似于20%的性少数女性报告去年泻药的使用。到19岁时，所有男性中有12%报告去年使用过肌肉锻炼产品。性少数女性使用泻药的几率是异性恋女性的两倍（P <0.0001）。最符合性别的女性比最不符合性别的女性使用泻药的几率高50%（P <0.01）。中度（比值比，2.09; 95%置信区间，1.58-2.75）和高度（比值比，1.79; 95%置信区间，1.38-2.33）符合性别的男性有较高的赔率比gender-male使用muscle-building products.CONCLUSIONS：性少数女性泻药滥用的高风险。无论性取向如何，性别一致性增加了女性滥用泻药和男性使用肌肉锻炼产品的几率。研究结果可以为预防工作提供信息，以针对有泻药或肌肉锻炼产品使用风险的青少年。
BACKGROUND: Use of laxatives for weight loss and drugs or supplements to build muscle (eg, steroids) differs by gender and sexual orientation; little is known about factors contributing to these disparities. Conformity to gender norms concerning appearance could underlie these differences.METHODS: This study examined associations between childhood gender conformity and laxative and muscle-building product use from ages 13 to 25 years in a sample of 13 683 males and females in the US prospective Growing Up Today Study. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression models of repeated measures estimated odds of past-year laxative and muscle-building product use by quartiles of greater childhood gender conformity in heterosexual and sexual minority (eg, bisexual, gay) participants.RESULTS: By age 23 years, similar to 20% of sexual minority females reported past-year laxative use. By age 19 years, 12% of all males reported past-year muscle-building product use. Sexual minority females had twice the odds of heterosexual females of using laxatives (P < .0001). The most gender-conforming females had 50% greater odds than the least-conforming females of using laxatives (P < .01). Moderate (odds ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.58-2.75) and highly (odds ratio, 1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.38-2.33) gender-conforming males had higher odds than gender-nonconforming males of using muscle-building products.CONCLUSIONS: Sexual minority females are at high risk for laxative abuse. Regardless of sexual orientation, gender conformity increased the odds of laxative abuse among females and muscle-building product use among males. Findings can inform prevention efforts to target youth at risk for laxative or muscle-building product use.