Secretory IgA's complex roles in immunity and mucosal homeostasis in the gut.
Secretory IgA's complex roles in immunity and mucosal homeostasis in the gut.
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分泌Iga在肠道中的免疫和粘膜稳态中的复杂角色。
作者：
分泌IgA （SIgA）作为保护肠上皮免受肠道毒素和病原微生物侵害的第一道防线。通过一种称为免疫排斥的过程，SIgA通过阻断抗原和病原微生物进入上皮受体，将其困在粘液中，并通过蠕动和粘膜纤毛活动促进其清除，从而促进抗原和病原微生物从肠腔清除。此外，SIgA通过最近才揭示的机制在粘膜免疫和肠道稳态中起作用。在过去的几年中，SIgA已被确定具有直接猝灭细菌毒力因子的能力，通过fab依赖和不依赖的机制影响肠道微生物群的组成，促进抗原通过肠上皮逆行运输到肠道相关淋巴组织中的树突状细胞（DC）亚群，最后，下调通常与摄取高致病性细菌和潜在致敏抗原相关的促炎反应。本文综述了SIgA的内在生物学活性及其与免疫和肠道稳态的关系。
Secretory IgA (SIgA) serves as the first line of defense in protecting the intestinal epithelium from enteric toxins and pathogenic microorganisms. Through a process known as immune exclusion, SIgA promotes the clearance of antigens and pathogenic microorganisms from the intestinal lumen by blocking their access to epithelial receptors, entrapping them in mucus, and facilitating their removal by peristaltic and mucociliary activities. In addition, SIgA functions in mucosal immunity and intestinal homeostasis through mechanisms that have only recently been revealed. In just the past several years, SIgA has been identified as having the capacity to directly quench bacterial virulence factors, influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota by Fab-dependent and -independent mechanisms, promote the retro-transport of antigens across the intestinal epithelium to dendritic cell (DC) subsets in gut-associated lymphoid tissue, and, finally, to down-regulate pro-inflammatory responses normally associated with the uptake of highly pathogenic bacteria and potentially allergenic antigens. This review summarizes the intrinsic biological activities now associated with SIgA and their relationships to immunity and intestinal homeostasis.
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