The impact of changing wind speeds on gas transfer and its effect on global air‐sea CO2 fluxes
The impact of changing wind speeds on gas transfer and its effect on global air‐sea CO2 fluxes
复制标题
风速变化对气体输送的影响及其对全球海气二氧化碳通量的影响
DOI：
10.1002/2016gb005592
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
J. Triñanes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Wanninkhof;J. Triñanes
随着时间的推移，全球风速的增加正在影响海洋对全球二氧化碳的吸收。我们使用最近更新的全球高分辨率交叉校准多平台风产品（CCMP-V2）和固定的每月pCO 2气候学来确定变化的风对气体传输和CO2吸收的影响。特别是，我们在区域风速变化的背景下评估全球变化，这些变化归因于大规模气候重组。风对全球CO2气体通量的影响取决于几个因素，包括气体交换-风速关系的功能以及CO2梯度的空气-水分压（Δ pCO 2）的区域和季节差异。后者还控制通量的方向。从海洋中流出的通量更多地受到低到中等风速范围内变化的影响，而由于风和Δ pCO 2之间的区域相关性，更高风速的变化对吸入的影响更大。比较了气体交换风速参数化与二次和三次多项式对风的依赖性，每个都满足全局约束。由风速趋势引起的海-气CO2通量变化在赤道太平洋最大，在27年的时间跨度内，造成0.03-0.04 Pg C decade-1的释气增加。这导致全球CO2净吸收量总体小幅下降0.00至0.02 Pg C decade-1，与风力增加会增加CO2净吸收量的预期相反。
An increase in global wind speeds over time is affecting the global uptake of CO2 by the ocean. We determine the impact of changing winds on gas transfer and CO2 uptake by using the recently updated, global high‐resolution, cross‐calibrated multiplatform wind product (CCMP‐V2) and a fixed monthly pCO2 climatology. In particular, we assess global changes in the context of regional wind speed changes that are attributed to large‐scale climate reorganizations. The impact of wind on global CO2 gas fluxes as determined by the bulk formula is dependent on several factors, including the functionality of the gas exchange‐wind speed relationship and the regional and seasonal differences in the air‐water partial pressure of CO2 gradient (ΔpCO2). The latter also controls the direction of the flux. Fluxes out of the ocean are influenced more by changes in the low‐to‐intermediate wind speed range, while ingassing is impacted more by changes in higher winds because of the regional correlations between wind and ΔpCO2. Gas exchange‐wind speed parameterizations with a quadratic and third‐order polynomial dependency on wind, each of which meets global constraints, are compared. The changes in air‐sea CO2 fluxes resulting from wind speed trends are greatest in the equatorial Pacific and cause a 0.03–0.04 Pg C decade−1 increase in outgassing over the 27 year time span. This leads to a small overall decrease of 0.00 to 0.02 Pg C decade−1 in global net CO2 uptake, contrary to expectations that increasing winds increase net CO2 uptake.